{"id":19199,"date":"2024-09-17T15:15:30Z","date_gmt":"2024-09-17T13:15:30Z","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.omni-biotic.com\/cs-cz\/?p=19199"},"modified":"2024-09-17T15:15:30Z","modified_gmt":"2024-09-17T13:15:30Z","slug":"co-zatezuje-nas-imunitni-system","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.omni-biotic.com\/cs-cz\/blog\/co-zatezuje-nas-imunitni-system\/","title":{"rendered":"Co zat\u011b\u017euje n\u00e1\u0161 imunitn\u00ed syst\u00e9m?"},"content":{"rendered":"\t\t
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Zm\u011bna teplot coby stresov\u00fd faktor<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t
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Ka\u017ed\u00fd zn\u00e1 chladn\u00e9 venkovn\u00ed prost\u0159ed\u00ed<\/strong> a \u00fatuln\u00e9, vyh\u0159\u00e1t\u00e9 vnit\u0159n\u00ed prostory <\/strong>v zim\u011b, stejn\u011b jako hork\u00e9 dny a klimatizaci<\/strong> pro udr\u017een\u00ed chladn\u00e9 hlavy v l\u00e9t\u011b. Neust\u00e1le se m\u011bn\u00edc\u00ed teploty<\/strong> v\u0161ak t\u011blo stresuj\u00ed, proto\u017ee jedn\u00edm z \u00fakol\u016f na\u0161eho organismu je udr\u017eovat konstantn\u00ed t\u011blesnou teplotu.<\/strong> A jak\u00fdkoli druh stresu<\/strong><\/a> oslabuje n\u00e1\u0161 imunitn\u00ed syst\u00e9m.<\/strong><\/a> Apropos: Kdy\u017e je na\u0161e t\u011blo ve stresu, pot\u0159ebuje<\/strong> tak\u00e9 v\u00edce \u017eivin,<\/strong> aby mohlo plnit sv\u00e9 \u00fakoly. Zejm\u00e9na p\u0159i nedostatku \u010dasu<\/strong> v\u0161ak \u010dasto klademe p\u0159\u00edli\u0161 mal\u00fd d\u016fraz na vyv\u00e1\u017eenou stravu bohatou na vitaminy a vl\u00e1kninu.<\/strong><\/a><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t

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Such\u00fd vzduch = vysu\u0161en\u00e9 sliznice<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t
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Such\u00fd vzduch<\/strong> v m\u00edstnostech, kter\u00fd zp\u016fsobuje nap\u0159\u00edklad topen\u00ed nebo klimatizace, tak\u00e9 oslabuje imunitn\u00ed syst\u00e9m,<\/strong> konkr\u00e9tn\u011b tedy d\u016fle\u017eit\u00e9 sliznice, kter\u00e9 funguj\u00ed jako bari\u00e9ra proti ne\u017e\u00e1douc\u00edm patogen\u016fm. Pokud nejsou na\u0161e sliznice dostate\u010dn\u011b zvlh\u010den\u00e9, jsou popraskan\u00e9, a tud\u00ed\u017e propustn\u00e9 pro choroboplodn\u00e9 bakterie a viry.<\/strong> Mimochodem, such\u00fd vzduch<\/strong> je tak\u00e9 prost\u0159ed\u00edm, ve kter\u00e9m se viry<\/strong> c\u00edt\u00ed obzvl\u00e1\u0161t\u011b dob\u0159e, proto\u017ee \u010d\u00edm ni\u017e\u0161\u00ed je vlhkost, t\u00edm l\u00e9pe se tyto patogeny mohou mno\u017eit.<\/strong>

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D\u016fmysln\u00e1 obrana pro siln\u00fd imunitn\u00ed syst\u00e9m<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t
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V pr\u016fb\u011bhu evoluce si n\u00e1\u0161 imunitn\u00ed syst\u00e9m<\/strong> vyvinul r\u016fzn\u00e9 obrann\u00e9 strategie, kter\u00e9 n\u00e1s chr\u00e1n\u00ed p\u0159ed patogenn\u00edmi z\u00e1rodky a viry.<\/strong> Je to n\u011bco jako pr\u00e1ce v podniku, v n\u011bm\u017e se ka\u017ed\u00fd uj\u00edm\u00e1 sv\u00fdch speci\u00e1ln\u00edch \u00fakol\u016f. Pokud se toho moc ned\u011bje, imunitn\u00ed bu\u0148ky si r\u00e1dy poleno\u0161\u00ed. Pokud v\u0161ak mikrobi\u00e1ln\u00ed nep\u0159\u00edtel \u00fato\u010d\u00ed agresivn\u00edmi metodami, ka\u017ed\u00fd v organizaci v\u00ed, co je t\u0159eba ud\u011blat, aby organismus ochr\u00e1nil: Spole\u010dn\u00fdm heslem je t\u00e1hnout za jeden provaz.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t

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Obrana na n\u011bkolika \u00farovn\u00edch<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t
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V nejsvrchn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed vrstv\u011b na\u0161eho t\u011bla, tj. na k\u016f\u017ei nebo sliznic\u00edch,<\/strong> jsou bakterie<\/strong><\/a> prvn\u00ed bari\u00e9rou, kterou mus\u00ed patogeny<\/strong> nejprve p\u0159ekonat. Pokud se zde nach\u00e1z\u00ed dostatek komenz\u00e1ln\u00edch bakteri\u00ed<\/strong> z mnoha r\u016fzn\u00fdch kmen\u016f, je snadn\u00e9 se nep\u0159\u00edzniv\u00fdch bakteri\u00e1ln\u00edch pot\u00ed\u017eist\u016f zbavit. Pokud se v\u0161ak patogen\u016fm poda\u0159\u00ed p\u0159ekonat prvn\u00ed p\u0159ek\u00e1\u017eku, je k boji p\u0159ipravena dal\u0161\u00ed \u010d\u00e1st obrann\u00e9ho \u0159et\u011bzce.<\/strong> Pro n\u00e1\u0161 imunitn\u00ed syst\u00e9m<\/strong> to znamen\u00e1, \u017ee pokud se patogeny<\/strong> <\/a>dostanou do sliznice, nap\u0159. v \u00fastech, st\u0159evech nebo \u017ealudku, enzymy zajist\u00ed obranu zdrav\u00e9ho syst\u00e9mu a \u0159asinky a epitelov\u00e9 bu\u0148ky zajist\u00ed odstran\u011bn\u00ed nep\u0159\u00edtele. Tato syst\u00e9mov\u00e1 souhra<\/strong> nespo\u010dtu jednotliv\u00fdch bojovn\u00edk\u016f zaji\u0161\u0165uje \u00fasp\u011b\u0161nou imunitn\u00ed obranu<\/strong> v na\u0161em t\u011ble.<\/p>

V lidsk\u00e9m imunitn\u00edm syst\u00e9mu hraj\u00ed leukocyty,<\/strong> zn\u00e1m\u00e9 sp\u00ed\u0161e jako b\u00edl\u00e9 krvinky, kl\u00ed\u010dovou roli v po\u010d\u00e1te\u010dn\u00ed obran\u011b proti patogen\u016fm. Leukocyty maj\u00ed mnoho \u201ep\u0159\u00edbuzn\u00fdch\u201c,<\/strong> nap\u0159\u00edklad lymfocyty,<\/strong> kter\u00e9 maj\u00ed zvl\u00e1\u0161tn\u00ed vlastnost rozpoznat nep\u0159\u00e1telsk\u00e9ho \u00fato\u010dn\u00edka a zapamatovat si jeho obraz. Na\u0161t\u011bst\u00ed si to tyto bu\u0148ky, zn\u00e1m\u00e9 tak\u00e9 jako \u201epam\u011b\u0165ov\u00e9 bu\u0148ky\u201c, pamatuj\u00ed po cel\u00fd \u017eivot. Dendritick\u00e9 bu\u0148ky<\/strong> \u201ehl\u00e1s\u00ed\u201c, kdy\u017e do t\u011bla pronikne ciz\u00ed b\u00edlkovina (m\u016f\u017ee to b\u00fdt nap\u0159\u00edklad b\u00edlkovina na povrchu viru). Pot\u00e9 za\u010dne na\u0161e t\u011blo uvol\u0148ovat ur\u010dit\u00e9 poselsk\u00e9 l\u00e1tky, kter\u00e9 iniciuj\u00ed zni\u010den\u00ed ciz\u00edch nep\u0159\u00e1tel.<\/strong><\/p>

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P\u0159esto\u017ee st\u0159evo<\/strong><\/a> m\u00e1 d\u00edky sv\u00e9 obrovsk\u00e9 celkov\u00e9 plo\u0161e nespo\u010det m\u00edst, kde mohou patogeny \u00fato\u010dit, je z\u00e1rove\u0148 i na\u0161im nejv\u011bt\u0161\u00ed obrann\u00fdm syst\u00e9mem.<\/strong> Takzvan\u00e1 st\u0159evn\u00ed bari\u00e9ra <\/strong>se skl\u00e1d\u00e1 z rozmanit\u00e9 st\u0159evn\u00ed mikrofl\u00f3ry,<\/strong><\/a> st\u0159evn\u00ed sliznice a imunitn\u00edho syst\u00e9mu<\/strong> um\u00edst\u011bn\u00e9ho ve st\u0159ev\u011b. St\u0159evn\u00ed mikrofl\u00f3ra m\u00e1 za \u00fakol potla\u010dovat \u0161kodliv\u00e9 z\u00e1rodky<\/strong> a n\u011bkter\u00e9 komenz\u00e1ln\u00ed bakterie mohou tak\u00e9 produkovat antimikrobi\u00e1ln\u00ed l\u00e1tky, kter\u00e9 oslabuj\u00ed ne\u017e\u00e1douc\u00ed vet\u0159elce.<\/p>

St\u0159evn\u00ed sliznice<\/strong> se skl\u00e1d\u00e1 z bun\u011bk, kter\u00e9 jsou obzvl\u00e1\u0161t\u011b bl\u00edzko u sebe, a jak n\u00e1zev napov\u00edd\u00e1, je obklopena vrstvou hlenu,<\/strong> kter\u00fd m\u00e1 zabr\u00e1nit pronik\u00e1n\u00ed ne\u017e\u00e1douc\u00edch l\u00e1tek a mikrob\u016f<\/strong> d\u00e1le do t\u011bla. St\u0159evn\u00ed sliznice, s obrovskou plochou o rozloze 300-400 m2,<\/strong> obsahuje 80 % t\u011blu vlastn\u00edch imunitn\u00edch bun\u011bk, co\u017e je t\u0159ikr\u00e1t v\u00edce imunitn\u00edch bun\u011bk ne\u017e se nach\u00e1z\u00ed v\u00a0 kostn\u00ed d\u0159eni, lymfatick\u00fdch uzlin\u00e1ch a slezin\u011b dohromady. Je tedy nejv\u011bt\u0161\u00ed a nejd\u016fle\u017eit\u011bj\u0161\u00ed \u010d\u00e1st\u00ed<\/strong> na\u0161eho imunitn\u00edho syst\u00e9mu.<\/strong><\/a><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t

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Slovn\u00edk st\u0159evn\u00edho imunitn\u00edho syst\u00e9mu<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t
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Komenz\u00e1ln\u00ed bakterie<\/strong> \u017eij\u00ed v m\u00edru se sv\u00fdm \u201ehostitelem\u201c – n\u00e1mi lidmi: Hostitel (\u010dlov\u011bk) jim poskytuje \u017eivotn\u00ed prost\u0159ed\u00ed a potravu (vl\u00e1kninu) a komenz\u00e1ln\u00ed bakterie na opl\u00e1tku podporuj\u00ed na\u0161e tr\u00e1ven\u00ed a zdrav\u00ed.<\/p>

Antigeny<\/strong> jsou l\u00e1tky nebo struktury, kter\u00e9 imunitn\u00ed syst\u00e9m<\/strong><\/a> rozpozn\u00e1 jako \u201eciz\u00ed\u201c, na\u010de\u017e jsou aktivov\u00e1ny obrann\u00e9 mechanismy organismu.<\/p>

Leukocyty<\/strong> je ozna\u010den\u00ed pro b\u00edl\u00e9 krvinky, co\u017e je skupina krevn\u00edch bun\u011bk, kter\u00e9 maj\u00ed v imunitn\u00edm syst\u00e9mu r\u016fzn\u00e9 funkce. Pat\u0159\u00ed mezi n\u011b mimo jin\u00e9 i lymfocyty,<\/strong> kter\u00e9 specificky bojuj\u00ed proti patogen\u016fm.<\/strong> Jsou tak\u00e9 zn\u00e1m\u00e9 jako \u201epam\u011b\u0165ov\u00e9 bu\u0148ky\u201c,<\/strong> proto\u017ee si pamatuj\u00ed, s kter\u00fdmi patogeny ji\u017e bojovaly. Proti nim se pak mohou znovu a znovu aktivovat.<\/p>

Dendritick\u00e9 bu\u0148ky<\/strong> jsou vlastn\u011b \u201estr\u00e1\u017eci\u201c imunitn\u00edho syst\u00e9mu:<\/strong> zachycuj\u00ed antigeny a p\u0159edkl\u00e1daj\u00ed je imunitn\u00edm bu\u0148k\u00e1m, aby mohly v p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b pot\u0159eby zah\u00e1jit p\u0159\u00edslu\u0161nou obrannou reakci.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t

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N\u00e1\u0161 imunitn\u00ed syst\u00e9m, jeho\u017e centrum tvo\u0159\u00ed na\u0161e st\u0159evo, \u010del\u00ed ka\u017ed\u00fd den velk\u00fdm v\u00fdzv\u00e1m: Denn\u011b jsme vystaveni nejr\u016fzn\u011bj\u0161\u00edm vir\u016fm a dal\u0161\u00edm patogenn\u00edm mikroorganism\u016fm, stejn\u011b jako suchemu vzduchu a neust\u00e1l\u00e9 zm\u011bn\u011b teplot, co\u017e je pro na\u0161i obranyschopnost velkou v\u00fdzvou. Nevyv\u00e1\u017een\u00e1 strava tak\u00e9 p\u0159isp\u00edv\u00e1 ke zm\u011bn\u00e1m na\u0161\u00ed st\u0159evn\u00ed mikrofl\u00f3ry a imunitn\u00ed syst\u00e9m postr\u00e1d\u00e1 d\u016fle\u017eit\u00e9 \u017eiviny (nap\u0159. vitamin D), kter\u00e9 pot\u0159ebuje, aby mohl co nejl\u00e9pe fungovat. Pro\u010d jsme v\u0161ak v zim\u011b obzvl\u00e1\u0161t\u011b n\u00e1chyln\u00ed k infekc\u00edm a pro\u010d se nachlazen\u00ed objevuje i v tepl\u00e9m l\u00e9t\u011b? Roli zde hraje n\u011bkolik faktor\u016f, kter\u00e9 se vz\u00e1jemn\u011b ovliv\u0148uj\u00ed a maj\u00ed spole\u010dn\u00fd vliv na n\u00e1\u0161 imunitn\u00ed syst\u00e9m.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":13,"featured_media":19214,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"inline_featured_image":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[108],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-19199","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-potize-a-poradenstvi"],"acf":[],"rank_math":{"og:title":"Co zat\u011b\u017euje n\u00e1\u0161 imunitn\u00ed syst\u00e9m? - OMNi-BiOTiC\u00aeBlog","og:desc":"O na\u0161em imunirn\u00edm syst\u00e9mu by se dalo dlouze hovo\u0159it. Nicm\u00e9n\u011b pro\u010d jsme obzvl\u00e1\u0161t\u011b n\u00e1chyln\u00ed k nemocem pr\u00e1v\u011b v zim\u011b a jak\u00e9 faktory zde hraj\u00ed roli?","og:url":"https:\/\/www.omni-biotic.com\/cs-cz\/blog\/co-zatezuje-nas-imunitni-system\/","og:locale":"cs_CZ","og:image":"https:\/\/www.omni-biotic.com\/cs-cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/8\/2024\/09\/Imunitni_system.png","og:image:width":"1920","og:image:height":"1163"},"additional_data":{"thumbnail":"https:\/\/www.omni-biotic.com\/cs-cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/8\/2024\/09\/Imunitni_system.png"},"blog_info":{"country":"cs-cz"},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.omni-biotic.com\/cs-cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/19199","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.omni-biotic.com\/cs-cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.omni-biotic.com\/cs-cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.omni-biotic.com\/cs-cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/13"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.omni-biotic.com\/cs-cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=19199"}],"version-history":[{"count":7,"href":"https:\/\/www.omni-biotic.com\/cs-cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/19199\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":19218,"href":"https:\/\/www.omni-biotic.com\/cs-cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/19199\/revisions\/19218"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.omni-biotic.com\/cs-cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/19214"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.omni-biotic.com\/cs-cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=19199"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.omni-biotic.com\/cs-cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=19199"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.omni-biotic.com\/cs-cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=19199"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}