{"id":20593,"date":"2026-03-10T15:59:31Z","date_gmt":"2026-03-10T14:59:31Z","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.omni-biotic.com\/cs-cz\/?p=20593"},"modified":"2026-03-12T08:17:49Z","modified_gmt":"2026-03-12T07:17:49Z","slug":"jaky-vliv-maji-projimadla-na-strevni-mikrobiom","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.omni-biotic.com\/cs-cz\/blog\/jaky-vliv-maji-projimadla-na-strevni-mikrobiom\/","title":{"rendered":"Jak\u00fd vliv maj\u00ed proj\u00edmadla na st\u0159evn\u00ed mikrobiom?"},"content":{"rendered":"\t\t
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M\u00e1te pr\u00e1v\u011b m\u00e1lo \u010dasu? Na konci tohoto p\u0159\u00edsp\u011bvku se naleznete shrnut\u00ed t\u011bch nejd\u016fle\u017eit\u011bj\u0161\u00edch informac\u00ed.\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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\n\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tP\u0159esko\u010dit ke shrnut\u00ed<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t
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St\u0159evn\u00ed mikrobiom coby aktivn\u00ed regul\u00e1tor na\u0161eho zdrav\u00ed<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t
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Na\u0161e st\u0159eva ob\u00fdv\u00e1 p\u0159ibli\u017en\u011b 100 bilion\u016f bakteri\u00ed,<\/a><\/strong> kter\u00e9 spolu s viry a houbami tvo\u0159\u00ed komplexn\u00ed ekosyst\u00e9m, kter\u00fd naz\u00fdv\u00e1me st\u0159evn\u00ed mikrobiom<\/a><\/strong>.<\/span><\/span> N\u00e1\u0161 st\u0159evn\u00ed mikrobiom nen\u00ed pouze pasivn\u00edm obyvatelem na\u0161ich st\u0159ev, ale funguje jako vysoce specializovan\u00fd \u201edodate\u010dn\u00fd org\u00e1n\u201c,<\/strong> kter\u00fd je kl\u00ed\u010dov\u00fd pro tr\u00e1ven\u00ed, vst\u0159eb\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed \u017eivin<\/strong> a produkci vitam\u00edn\u016f,<\/strong> jako jsou vitam\u00edn K nebo vitam\u00edny skupiny B<\/span><\/span>. <\/span>Z\u00e1rove\u0148 hraje z\u00e1sadn\u00ed roli v ochran\u011b p\u0159ed patogeny<\/strong> a reguluje metabolick\u00e9 procesy i imunitn\u00ed funkce prost\u0159ednictv\u00edm osy st\u0159evo-mozek<\/strong><\/a><\/span><\/span>.<\/strong> Stabilita tohoto syst\u00e9mu z\u00e1vis\u00ed na jeho rozmanitosti a rovnov\u00e1ze. <\/span>Pokud dojde k jej\u00edmu naru\u0161en\u00ed, hovo\u0159\u00edme o dysbi\u00f3ze,<\/strong> kter\u00e1 m\u016f\u017ee v\u00e9st k nad\u00fdm\u00e1n\u00ed,<\/strong><\/a> infekc\u00edm<\/strong> nebo dokonce k chronick\u00fdm onemocn\u011bn\u00edm<\/strong><\/a><\/span><\/span>.<\/strong><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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Aktu\u00e1ln\u00ed pr\u016fzkumy z roku 2025 na t\u00e9ma \u201eChronick\u00e1 obstipace v z\u00e1padn\u00ed populaci\u201c<\/strong> ukazuj\u00ed, \u017ee v zem\u00edch, jako je N\u011bmecko, trp\u00ed v\u00fdznamn\u00e1 \u010d\u00e1st populace pravideln\u011b symptomy z\u00e1cpy<\/strong><\/span><\/span>.<\/strong> <\/span>P\u0159esto se o ot\u00e1zce, jak laxativa ovliv\u0148uj\u00ed slo\u017een\u00ed st\u0159evn\u00edho mikrobiomu,<\/strong> v l\u00e9ka\u0159sk\u00e9 praxi \u010dasto diskutuje pouze povrchn\u011b<\/span><\/span>. <\/span>Jak se od sebe jednotliv\u00e9 t\u0159\u00eddy laxativ li\u0161\u00ed a jak ovliv\u0148uj\u00ed citliv\u00fd st\u0159evn\u00ed mikrobiom<\/span>?<\/strong><\/p>

\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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Rozd\u00edln\u00e9 p\u016fsoben\u00ed r\u016fzn\u00fdch druh\u016f laxativ<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t
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U\u017e\u00edv\u00e1n\u00ed proj\u00edmadel p\u0159edstavuje v\u00fdznamn\u00fd extern\u00ed z\u00e1sah<\/strong> do tohoto citliv\u00e9ho ekosyst\u00e9mu, p\u0159i\u010dem\u017e dopady se li\u0161\u00ed podle mechanismu \u00fa\u010dinku dan\u00e9ho p\u0159\u00edpravku<\/span><\/span>. Ne ka\u017ed\u00e9 proj\u00edmadlo p\u016fsob\u00ed stejn\u00fdm zp\u016fsobem a ne ka\u017ed\u00e9 m\u00e1 stejn\u00fd vliv na na\u0161i citlivou st\u0159evn\u00ed mikrofl\u00f3ru. <\/strong><\/a><\/span>Zde je d\u016fle\u017eit\u00e9 porozum\u011bt tomu, na jak\u00e9 b\u00e1zi r\u016fzn\u00e9 p\u0159\u00edpravky \u00fa\u010dinkuj\u00ed a jak\u00fd vliv maj\u00ed tyto \u00fa\u010dinky na bakterie v na\u0161ich st\u0159evech.<\/strong><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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Objemov\u00e1 a plnic\u00ed laxativa (vl\u00e1knina)<\/span><\/h3>

Bobtnav\u00e9 l\u00e1tky, jako jsou <\/span>jitrocelov\u00e9 slupky<\/strong> (psyllium)<\/span>, <\/span>ln\u011bn\u00e9 sem\u00ednko<\/span><\/strong> nebo <\/span>p\u0161eni\u010dn\u00e9 otruby<\/span><\/strong>,<\/strong> se skl\u00e1daj\u00ed p\u0159edev\u0161\u00edm z nestraviteln\u00fdch polysacharid\u016f<\/span>. Jejich mechanismus \u00fa\u010dinku je zalo\u017een na absorpci vody ve st\u0159evech,<\/strong> co\u017e vede ke zv\u011bt\u0161en\u00ed objemu stolice<\/strong><\/span>.<\/strong> Tento mechanick\u00fd podn\u011bt z rozp\u011bt\u00ed n\u00e1sledn\u011b aktivuje receptory st\u0159evn\u00ed st\u011bny a vyvol\u00e1v\u00e1 peristaltiku<\/strong><\/span>.<\/strong> Z mikrobiologick\u00e9ho hlediska jsou tyto l\u00e1tky pova\u017eov\u00e1ny za variantu, kter\u00e1 je nej\u0161etrn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed ke st\u0159evn\u00edmu mikrobiomu,<\/strong> proto\u017ee sou\u010dasn\u011b slou\u017e\u00ed jako potrava pro prosp\u011b\u0161n\u00e9 st\u0159evn\u00ed bakterie<\/a><\/strong><\/span>.<\/strong><\/p>

\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>

Osmotick\u00e1 laxativa<\/span><\/h3>

Do t\u00e9to skupiny pat\u0159\u00ed jak soln\u00e1 laxativa (nap\u0159. <\/span>s\u00edran ho\u0159e\u010dnat\u00fd<\/span><\/b>, <\/span>ho\u0159k\u00e1 s\u016fl<\/span><\/b>), tak i nevst\u0159ebateln\u00e9 cukry nebo polymery, jako jsou <\/span>laktul\u00f3za<\/span><\/b> \u010di <\/span>makrogol<\/span><\/b><\/span>. <\/span>Z\u00e1kladn\u00edm procesem je zde osm\u00f3za:<\/strong> voda je nas\u00e1v\u00e1na z tk\u00e1n\u00ed a krevn\u00edho ob\u011bhu do st\u0159eva, \u010d\u00edm\u017e doch\u00e1z\u00ed ke zm\u011bknut\u00ed stolice<\/strong><\/span><\/span>. <\/strong>Tato skupina proj\u00edmadel je sice pova\u017eov\u00e1na za \u201e\u0161etrnou k mikrobiomu\u201c,<\/strong> ale p\u0159i del\u0161\u00edm u\u017e\u00edv\u00e1n\u00ed m\u016f\u017ee zm\u011bnit slo\u017een\u00ed st\u0159evn\u00ed mikrofl\u00f3ry<\/strong><\/span><\/span>. <\/strong>Organick\u00e9 kyseliny vznikaj\u00edc\u00ed p\u0159i tomto procesu toti\u017e sni\u017euj\u00ed pH v tlust\u00e9m st\u0159ev\u011b, co\u017e sice podporuje r\u016fst bakteri\u00ed tolerantn\u00edch v\u016f\u010di kysel\u00e9mu prost\u0159ed\u00ed, jako jsou laktobacily, ale z\u00e1rove\u0148 mohou b\u00fdt potla\u010deny<\/strong> jin\u00e9, citliv\u011bj\u0161\u00ed bakteri\u00e1ln\u00ed kmeny<\/strong><\/span><\/span>.<\/strong><\/p>

\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>

Stimula\u010dn\u00ed laxativa (kontaktn\u00ed proj\u00edmadla)<\/span><\/h3>

\u00da\u010dinn\u00e9 l\u00e1tky jako <\/span>bisakodyl<\/span><\/b>, <\/span>pikos\u00edran sodn\u00fd<\/span><\/b> nebo rostlinn\u00e9 deriv\u00e1ty antrachinonu (nap\u0159. <\/span>senna<\/span><\/b>) p\u016fsob\u00ed prost\u0159ednictv\u00edm p\u0159\u00edm\u00e9 stimulace enterick\u00e9ho nervov\u00e9ho syst\u00e9mu<\/strong> a st\u0159evn\u00ed svaloviny<\/span><\/span>. <\/span>P\u0159\u00edmo podn\u011bcuj\u00ed pohyb st\u0159ev, \u010d\u00edm\u017e vyvol\u00e1vaj\u00ed aktivn\u00ed vylu\u010dov\u00e1n\u00ed vody a elektrolyt\u016f do st\u0159evn\u00edho prostoru a z\u00e1rove\u0148 br\u00e1n\u00ed jejich zp\u011btn\u00e9mu vst\u0159eb\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed<\/span><\/span>. <\/span>Tato drastick\u00e1 zm\u011bna dynamiky tekutin<\/strong> vede k masivn\u00edmu zkr\u00e1cen\u00ed doby pr\u016fchodu st\u0159evy, co\u017e v\u00fdrazn\u011b omezuje \u010dasov\u00e9 okno pro procesy bakteri\u00e1ln\u00edho d\u011blen\u00ed a metabolick\u00e9 interakce<\/span><\/span>. <\/span>Z tohoto d\u016fvodu jsou stimula\u010dn\u00ed proj\u00edmadla pod siln\u00fdm podez\u0159en\u00edm, \u017ee negativn\u011b ovliv\u0148uj\u00ed rovnov\u00e1hu st\u0159evn\u00edho mikrobiomu<\/strong><\/span><\/span><\/p>

\u00a0<\/b><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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D\u016fsledky zrychlen\u00e9ho pr\u016fchodu \u2013 m\u00e1lo \u010dasu pro prosp\u011b\u0161n\u00e9 bakterie<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t
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Kdy\u017e se st\u0159evn\u00ed obsah pohybuje p\u0159\u00edli\u0161 rychle, je to sice pr na\u0161e t\u011blo kr\u00e1tk\u00e1 \u00faleva, nicm\u00e9n\u011bpro n\u00e1\u0161 st\u0159evn\u00ed mikrobiom to m\u00e1 spustu nev\u00fdhod.<\/strong> St\u0159evn\u00ed bakterie nest\u00edhaj\u00ed produkovat d\u016fle\u017eit\u00e9 mastn\u00e9 kyseliny s kr\u00e1tk\u00fdm \u0159et\u011bzcem,<\/strong> jako je butyr\u00e1t, kter\u00e9 vy\u017eivuj\u00ed st\u0159evn\u00ed sliznici a stabilizuj\u00ed st\u0159evn\u00ed bari\u00e9ru<\/span>. Siln\u00e1 proj\u00edmadla nav\u00edc zp\u016fsobuj\u00ed takzvan\u00fd \u201ewashout-effekt\u201c<\/strong>, p\u0159i kter\u00e9m doch\u00e1z\u00ed k mechanick\u00e9mu vyplavov\u00e1n\u00ed prosp\u011b\u0161n\u00fdch bifidobakteri\u00ed a laktobacil\u016f<\/strong><\/span>.<\/strong> V\u00fdsledkem m\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt v\u00fdrazn\u011b sn\u00ed\u017een\u00e1 bakteri\u00e1ln\u00ed diverzita,<\/strong> co\u017e je stav spojen\u00fd se zv\u00fd\u0161enou n\u00e1chylnost\u00ed k infekc\u00edm a syndromem dr\u00e1\u017ediv\u00e9ho tra\u010dn\u00edku<\/strong><\/a><\/span>.<\/strong> Chronick\u00e9 u\u017e\u00edv\u00e1n\u00ed pak m\u016f\u017ee v\u00e9st a\u017e k po\u0161kozen\u00ed ochrann\u00e9 funkce sliznice a vzniku propustn\u00e9ho st\u0159eva (Leaky Gut<\/a><\/strong>)<\/span>.
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Zm\u011bna st\u0159evn\u00edho prost\u0159ed\u00ed a dopady na st\u0159evn\u00ed sliznici<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t
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Proj\u00edmadla ovliv\u0148uj\u00ed rovnov\u00e1hu vody a elektrolyt\u016f v na\u0161ich st\u0159evech<\/strong><\/span><\/span>. <\/span>To m\u00e1 p\u0159\u00edm\u00e9 d\u016fsledky na prost\u0159ed\u00ed v na\u0161ich st\u0159evech, co\u017e zahrnuje nap\u0159\u00edklad zm\u011bny hodnoty pH<\/strong> a distribuci sol\u00ed i vody<\/span><\/span>. <\/span>Mnoh\u00e9 prosp\u011b\u0161n\u00e9 st\u0159evn\u00ed bakterie<\/strong> jsou p\u0159itom z\u00e1visl\u00e9 na velmi stabiln\u00edm okoln\u00edm prost\u0159ed\u00ed<\/span><\/span>. <\/span>Ji\u017e mal\u00e9 zm\u011bny \u2013 jako jsou nap\u0159\u00edklad pozm\u011bn\u011bn\u00fd pom\u011br kysl\u00edku v tlust\u00e9m st\u0159ev\u011b \u2013 mohou v\u00e9st k tomu, \u017ee ur\u010dit\u00e9 kmeny se mno\u017e\u00ed h\u016f\u0159e, zat\u00edmco jin\u00e9, ne v\u017edy \u017e\u00e1douc\u00ed mikroorganismy, z t\u011bchto podm\u00ednek profituj\u00ed<\/strong><\/span><\/span>.<\/strong><\/p>

Zdrav\u00fd mikrobiom a neporu\u0161en\u00e1 st\u0159evn\u00ed sliznice se nach\u00e1zej\u00ed v \u00fazk\u00e9 vz\u00e1jemn\u00e9 interakci<\/span><\/span>. <\/span>Dojde-li k naru\u0161en\u00ed st\u0159evn\u00edho mikrobiomu,<\/strong> m\u016f\u017ee utrp\u011bt i ochrann\u00e1 funkce st\u0159evn\u00ed sliznice,<\/strong> co\u017e m\u016f\u017ee v\u00e9st ke zv\u00fd\u0161en\u00e9 propustnosti st\u0159evn\u00ed st\u011bny (ozna\u010dovan\u00e9 jako \u201eLeaky Gut\u201c neboli propustn\u00e9 st\u0159evo) \u010di ke zv\u00fd\u0161en\u00e9 citlivosti v\u016f\u010di dr\u00e1\u017ediv\u00fdm l\u00e1tk\u00e1m<\/span><\/span>. <\/span>Tato souvislost je st\u00e1le \u010dast\u011bji diskutov\u00e1na zejm\u00e9na v kontextu chronick\u00e9ho u\u017e\u00edv\u00e1n\u00ed proj\u00edmadel<\/strong><\/span><\/span>. <\/strong>Mo\u017en\u00fdmi n\u00e1sledky chronick\u00e9 dysbi\u00f3zy jsou pak opakovan\u00e9 z\u00e1cpy<\/strong> <\/a>nebo pr\u016fjmy,<\/strong><\/a> nad\u00fdm\u00e1n\u00ed,<\/strong><\/a> bolesti b\u0159icha, zv\u00fd\u0161en\u00e1 n\u00e1chylnost k infekc\u00edm a potenci\u00e1ln\u00ed pod\u00edl na chronick\u00fdch z\u00e1n\u011btliv\u00fdch procesech<\/strong><\/span><\/span>. <\/span>St\u0159evn\u00ed mikrobiom se sice v z\u00e1sad\u011b dok\u00e1\u017ee zotavit, vy\u017eaduje k tomu v\u0161ak dostatek \u010dasu, vhodn\u00e9 \u017eiviny a \u010dasto i c\u00edlenou podporu<\/strong><\/span><\/span>.<\/strong><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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Mohou proj\u00edmadla dlouhodob\u011b \u0161kodit?\n<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t
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P\u0159i kr\u00e1tkodob\u00e9m u\u017e\u00edv\u00e1n\u00ed<\/strong> \u2013 nap\u0159\u00edklad v p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b akutn\u00ed z\u00e1cpy nebo na z\u00e1klad\u011b l\u00e9ka\u0159sk\u00e9ho doporu\u010den\u00ed \u2013 jsou proj\u00edmadla pro v\u011bt\u0161inu lid\u00ed pova\u017eov\u00e1na za bezpe\u010dn\u00e1<\/span><\/span>. <\/span>Problematick\u00fdm se v\u0161ak st\u00e1v\u00e1 jejich pravideln\u00e9 u\u017e\u00edv\u00e1n\u00ed trvaj\u00edc\u00ed m\u011bs\u00edce nebo dokonce roky<\/strong><\/span><\/span>. <\/strong>V takov\u00e9m p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b se mohou dostavit r\u016fzn\u00e9 ne\u017e\u00e1douc\u00ed \u00fa\u010dinky,<\/strong> kter\u00e9 p\u0159esahuj\u00ed r\u00e1mec samotn\u00e9ho st\u0159eva<\/span><\/span>.<\/span><\/p>

P\u0159edev\u0161\u00edm stimula\u010dn\u00ed proj\u00edmadla<\/strong> mohou v\u00e9st k tomu, \u017ee si st\u0159evo na um\u011bl\u00e9 povzbuzov\u00e1n\u00ed zvykne<\/span><\/span>. <\/span>V d\u016fsledku toho m\u016f\u017ee doj\u00edt k poklesu p\u0159irozen\u00e9ho pohybu st\u0159ev<\/strong> (peristaltiky), st\u0159evo se st\u00e1v\u00e1 st\u00e1le \u201el\u00edn\u011bj\u0161\u00edm\u201c a bez pomoci proj\u00edmadla se vyprazd\u0148ov\u00e1n\u00ed zcela zastav\u00ed<\/span><\/span>. <\/span>Posti\u017een\u00ed lid\u00e9 pak \u010dasto sami zvy\u0161uj\u00ed d\u00e1vkov\u00e1n\u00ed,<\/strong> \u010d\u00edm\u017e vznik\u00e1 za\u010darovan\u00fd kruh<\/strong> ozna\u010dovan\u00fd jako z\u00e1vislost na laxativech<\/strong><\/span><\/span>.<\/strong><\/p>

Vzhledem k tomu, \u017ee mnoho proj\u00edmadel zvy\u0161uje vylu\u010dov\u00e1n\u00ed vody a elektrolyt\u016f<\/strong> se stolic\u00ed, doch\u00e1z\u00ed p\u0159i \u010dast\u00e9m pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1n\u00ed \u010dasto k nedostatku drasl\u00edku, sod\u00edku a k dehydrataci<\/span><\/span>. <\/span>Chronick\u00fd nedostatek drasl\u00edku<\/strong> m\u016f\u017ee mimo jin\u00e9 p\u0159isp\u00edvat ke svalov\u00e9 slabosti, \u00fanav\u011b a poruch\u00e1m srde\u010dn\u00edho rytmu, a to zejm\u00e9na u star\u0161\u00edch osob nebo lid\u00ed s p\u0159idru\u017een\u00fdmi onemocn\u011bn\u00edmi<\/span><\/span>.<\/span><\/p>

Pokud jsou proj\u00edmadla nutn\u00e1 pravideln\u011b, z\u00e1cpa trv\u00e1 d\u00e9le ne\u017e t\u0159i m\u011bs\u00edce<\/strong> nebo se objev\u00ed dal\u0161\u00ed p\u0159\u00edznaky, jako je krev ve stolici, \u00fabytek v\u00e1hy \u010di siln\u00e9 bolesti, je nezbytn\u011b nutn\u00e9 vyhledat l\u00e9ka\u0159skou pomoc<\/strong><\/span><\/span>. <\/strong>Proj\u00edmadla toti\u017e l\u00e9\u010d\u00ed pouze p\u0159\u00edznak z\u00e1cpy, nikoliv v\u0161ak jej\u00ed p\u0159\u00ed\u010dinu<\/span><\/span>. <\/span>Za chronickou z\u00e1cpou<\/strong> se mohou skr\u00fdvat r\u016fzn\u00e9 d\u016fvody, mezi ty nej\u010dast\u011bj\u0161\u00ed pat\u0159\u00ed strava chud\u00e1 na vl\u00e1kninu, nedostatek pohybu, hormon\u00e1ln\u00ed zm\u011bny, u\u017e\u00edv\u00e1n\u00ed ur\u010dit\u00fdch l\u00e9k\u016f nebo onemocn\u011bn\u00ed st\u0159ev \u010di nervov\u00e9ho syst\u00e9mu<\/span><\/span>. <\/span>Dlouhodob\u00e9 u\u017e\u00edv\u00e1n\u00ed proj\u00edmadel<\/strong> tak zvy\u0161uje riziko p\u0159ehl\u00e9dnut\u00ed t\u011bchto p\u0159\u00ed\u010din a ztr\u00e1ty drahocenn\u00e9ho \u010dasu pot\u0159ebn\u00e9ho ke stanoven\u00ed spr\u00e1vn\u00e9 diagn\u00f3zy<\/strong><\/span><\/span>.<\/strong><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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Probiotika: Podpora st\u0159evn\u00ed mikrofl\u00f3ry<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t
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Probiotika<\/strong><\/a> jsou \u010dasto ozna\u010dov\u00e1na jako \u201eprosp\u011b\u0161n\u00e9 bakterie\u201c, nicm\u00e9n\u011b pod t\u00edmto pojmem se v\u0161ak skr\u00fdv\u00e1 mnohem v\u00edce<\/span><\/span>. <\/span>V\u011bdeck\u00e1 definice uv\u00e1d\u00ed, \u017ee probiotika jsou \u017eiv\u00e9 mikroorganismy,<\/strong> kter\u00e9 p\u0159i dostate\u010dn\u00e9m p\u0159\u00edjmu mohou m\u00edt pro \u010dlov\u011bka prokazateln\u00fd zdravotn\u00ed p\u0159\u00ednos<\/span><\/span>. <\/span>Pr\u00e1v\u011b v souvislosti s proj\u00edmadly se probiotika dost\u00e1vaj\u00ed st\u00e1le v\u00edce do pop\u0159ed\u00ed z\u00e1jmu, proto\u017ee c\u00edlen\u011b p\u016fsob\u00ed v m\u00edstech, kde laxativa mohou vyv\u00e9st st\u0159evn\u00ed mikrobiom z rovnov\u00e1hy<\/strong><\/span><\/span>. <\/strong>Probiotick\u00e9 bakterie nerozv\u00edjej\u00ed sv\u00e9 \u00fa\u010dinky izolovan\u011b, n\u00fdbr\u017e ve spolupr\u00e1ci se st\u00e1vaj\u00edc\u00edm mikrobiomem a st\u0159evn\u00ed sliznic\u00ed<\/strong><\/span><\/span>.<\/strong><\/p>

Mezi jejich nejd\u016fle\u017eit\u011bj\u0161\u00ed mechanismy \u00fa\u010dinku pat\u0159\u00ed znovuos\u00eddlen\u00ed st\u0159eva u\u017eite\u010dn\u00fdmi bakteri\u00e1ln\u00edmi kmeny<\/strong> po naru\u0161en\u00ed st\u0159evn\u00edho mikrobiomu<\/span><\/span>, pos\u00edlen\u00ed st\u0159evn\u00ed bari\u00e9ry prost\u0159ednictv\u00edm ochrany a regenerace sliznice<\/strong><\/span><\/span>,<\/strong> konkurence s ne\u017e\u00e1douc\u00edmi z\u00e1rodky o \u017eiviny a vazebn\u00e1 m\u00edsta <\/span><\/span>, a tak\u00e9 produkce zdrav\u00ed prosp\u011b\u0161n\u00fdch metabolit\u016f,<\/strong> v\u010detn\u011b mastn\u00fdch kyselin s kr\u00e1tk\u00fdm \u0159et\u011bzcem<\/strong><\/span><\/span>.<\/strong><\/p>

Zat\u00edmco probiotika byla dlouhou dobu spojov\u00e1na p\u0159edev\u0161\u00edm s l\u00e9\u010dbou pr\u016fjmu,<\/strong> nov\u011bj\u0161\u00ed studie ukazuj\u00ed, \u017ee ur\u010dit\u00e9 kmeny mohou hr\u00e1t roli i p\u0159i z\u00e1cp\u011b<\/strong> \u2013 a to d\u00edky regulaci pohybu st\u0159ev a zlep\u0161en\u00ed konzistence stolice<\/span><\/span>. <\/span>Krom\u011b toho mohou probiotika p\u0159isp\u00edvat ke zm\u00edrn\u011bn\u00ed nad\u00fdm\u00e1n\u00ed a bolest\u00ed b\u0159icha<\/strong> a k podpo\u0159e pravideln\u00e9ho vyprazd\u0148ov\u00e1n\u00ed<\/span><\/span>. <\/span>T\u00edm se probiotika z\u00e1sadn\u011b li\u0161\u00ed od proj\u00edmadel: nes\u00e1zej\u00ed na kr\u00e1tkodob\u00e9 podr\u00e1\u017ed\u011bn\u00ed, n\u00fdbr\u017e na dlouhodobou regulaci st\u0159evn\u00ed funkce<\/strong><\/span><\/span>.<\/strong><\/p>

U lid\u00ed, kte\u0159\u00ed pot\u0159ebuj\u00ed proj\u00edmadla po del\u0161\u00ed dobu, mohou b\u00fdt probiotika smyslupln\u00fdm doprovodn\u00fdm opat\u0159en\u00edm<\/strong><\/span><\/span>. <\/strong>V\u00fdsledky v\u00fdzkum\u016f nazna\u010duj\u00ed, \u017ee mohou \u010d\u00e1ste\u010dn\u011b kompenzovat ztr\u00e1tu bakteri\u00ed zp\u016fsobenou \u010dastou stolic\u00ed <\/span><\/span>a pom\u00e1hat k rychlej\u0161\u00ed regeneraci mikrobiomu<\/strong> po vysazen\u00ed proj\u00edmadel<\/span><\/span>. <\/span>Sou\u010dasn\u011b mohou sni\u017eovat riziko vzniku p\u0159etrv\u00e1vaj\u00edc\u00ed dysbi\u00f3zy<\/strong><\/span><\/span>.<\/strong><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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Co je lep\u0161\u00ed ne\u017e proj\u00edmadla? Alternativy \u0161etrn\u00e9 ke st\u0159evn\u00ed mikrofl\u00f3\u0159e<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t
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Proj\u00edmadla<\/strong> sice mohou kr\u00e1tkodob\u011b pomoci, av\u0161ak z dlouhodob\u00e9ho hlediska hroz\u00ed naru\u0161en\u00ed citliv\u00e9 rovnov\u00e1hy st\u0159evn\u00edho mikrobiomu<\/strong><\/span><\/span>. <\/strong>V p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b chronick\u00e9 z\u00e1cpy se proto d\u016frazn\u011b doporu\u010duje vy\u0161et\u0159en\u00ed u o\u0161et\u0159uj\u00edc\u00edho l\u00e9ka\u0159e<\/strong> a d\u016fkladn\u00e9 hled\u00e1n\u00ed p\u0159\u00ed\u010din pot\u00ed\u017e\u00ed<\/span><\/span>. <\/span>Pro dosa\u017een\u00ed udr\u017eiteln\u00e9ho zdrav\u00ed st\u0159ev je ide\u00e1ln\u00ed kombinovat stravu bohatou na vl\u00e1kninu<\/strong><\/a> s dostate\u010dn\u00fdm p\u0159\u00edjmem tekutin,<\/strong> pravideln\u00fdm pohybem<\/strong> a c\u00edlen\u00fdm pod\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00edm probiotik <\/a><\/strong>a prebiotik<\/strong><\/a><\/span><\/span>. <\/strong>Sou\u010d\u00e1st\u00ed tohoto p\u0159\u00edstupu by m\u011blo b\u00fdt tak\u00e9 velmi zdr\u017eenliv\u00e9 a v\u011bdom\u00e9 u\u017e\u00edv\u00e1n\u00ed proj\u00edmadel<\/strong><\/span><\/span>.<\/strong><\/p>

Je d\u016fle\u017eit\u00e9 si uv\u011bdomit, \u017ee proj\u00edmadla nezasahuj\u00ed do tr\u00e1ven\u00ed pouze mechanicky<\/strong>, ale p\u0159\u00edmo i nep\u0159\u00edmo ovliv\u0148uj\u00ed \u017eivotn\u00ed podm\u00ednky st\u0159evn\u00edch bakteri\u00ed<\/strong><\/span><\/span>. <\/strong>V z\u00e1vislosti na konkr\u00e9tn\u00ed \u00fa\u010dinn\u00e9 l\u00e1tce, zvolen\u00e9m d\u00e1vkov\u00e1n\u00ed a d\u00e9lce u\u017e\u00edv\u00e1n\u00ed se p\u0159itom mohou projevovat r\u016fzn\u00e9 \u00fa\u010dinky na organismus<\/span><\/span>. <\/span>Probiotika, strava bohat\u00e1 na vl\u00e1kninu a v\u011bdom\u00fd \u017eivotn\u00ed styl tak p\u0159edstavuj\u00ed \u00fast\u0159edn\u00ed stavebn\u00ed kameny pro zdravou st\u0159evn\u00ed mikrofl\u00f3ru,<\/a><\/strong> kter\u00e1 je z\u00e1kladem pro celkov\u00fd pocit pohody<\/strong><\/span><\/span>.<\/strong><\/p>

\u00a0<\/div>

\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t

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Stru\u010dn\u00e9 shrnut\u00ed <\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t
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<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t
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  • \n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/i>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tProj\u00edmadla a st\u0159evn\u00ed mikrofl\u00f3ra: Jak laxativa ovliv\u0148uj\u00ed v\u00e1\u0161 mikrobiom<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/li>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/ul>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t
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    Proj\u00edmadla (laxativa)<\/strong> jsou \u010dasto pova\u017eov\u00e1na za rychl\u00e9 \u0159e\u0161en\u00ed z\u00e1cpy.<\/strong> S\u00e1hnut\u00ed po tablet\u011b v\u0161ak zasahuje hluboko do citliv\u00e9ho ekosyst\u00e9mu na\u0161ich st\u0159ev. N\u00e1\u0161 st\u0159evn\u00ed mikrobiom tvo\u0159\u00ed p\u0159ibli\u017en\u011b 100 bilion\u016f mikroorganism\u016f,<\/strong> kter\u00e9 reguluj\u00ed nejen tr\u00e1ven\u00ed, ale \u0159\u00edd\u00ed tak\u00e9 imunitn\u00ed syst\u00e9m a produkci vitamin\u016f.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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    • \n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/i>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tR\u016fzn\u00e9 t\u0159\u00eddy laxativ a jejich \u00fa\u010dinek<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/li>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/ul>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t
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      • Ne ka\u017ed\u00e9 proj\u00edmadlo p\u016fsob\u00ed na na\u0161i st\u0159evn\u00ed mikrofl\u00f3ru stejn\u011b. Prim\u00e1rn\u011b rozli\u0161ujeme t\u0159i skupiny:<\/p>

        • Objemov\u00e1 proj\u00edmadla (bobtnav\u00e9 l\u00e1tky):<\/b> Velmi \u0161etrn\u00e1 ke st\u0159ev\u016fm, slou\u017e\u00ed jako potrava pro dobr\u00e9 bakterie (nap\u0159. psyllium\/jitrocel indick\u00fd nebo ln\u011bn\u00e9 sem\u00ednko).<\/p><\/li>

        • Osmotick\u00e1 proj\u00edmadla:<\/b> Pova\u017eov\u00e1na za neutr\u00e1ln\u00ed a\u017e kritick\u00e1. Sni\u017euj\u00ed pH a podporuj\u00ed laktobacily, ale z\u00e1rove\u0148 mohou potla\u010dovat jin\u00e9 kmeny (nap\u0159. makrogol, laktul\u00f3za).<\/p><\/li>

        • Stimula\u010dn\u00ed proj\u00edmadla:<\/b> Tato skupina je pova\u017eov\u00e1na za problematickou. Stimula\u010dn\u00ed prost\u0159edky \u2013 jako nap\u0159\u00edklad bisakodyl nebo senna \u2013 masivn\u011b zkracuj\u00ed dobu pr\u016fchodu st\u0159evem, \u010d\u00edm\u017e maj\u00ed prosp\u011b\u0161n\u00e9 st\u0159evn\u00ed bakterie m\u00e9n\u011b \u010dasu na r\u016fst.<\/p><\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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          • \n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/i>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tRizika p\u0159i dlouhodob\u00e9m u\u017e\u00edv\u00e1n\u00ed<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/li>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/ul>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t
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            Zat\u00edmco kr\u00e1tkodob\u00e9 pou\u017eit\u00ed je v\u011bt\u0161inou bezpe\u010dn\u00e9, chronick\u00e9 u\u017e\u00edv\u00e1n\u00ed (po m\u011bs\u00edce nebo roky) p\u0159in\u00e1\u0161\u00ed zna\u010dn\u00e1 rizika:<\/p>

            • \u201eWashout efekt\u201c:<\/b> U\u017eite\u010dn\u00e9 bakterie, jako jsou bifidobakterie a laktobacily, jsou doslova vyplavov\u00e1ny, co\u017e sni\u017euje bakteri\u00e1ln\u00ed rozmanitost (diverzitu).<\/p><\/li>

            • Nedostatek \u017eivin pro st\u0159evn\u00ed st\u011bnu:<\/b> Kv\u016fli zrychlen\u00e9mu pr\u016fchodu zb\u00fdv\u00e1 m\u00e9n\u011b \u010dasu na produkci d\u016fle\u017eit\u00fdch mastn\u00fdch kyselin s kr\u00e1tk\u00fdm \u0159et\u011bzcem (nap\u0159. butyr\u00e1t), kter\u00e9 vy\u017eivuj\u00ed st\u0159evn\u00ed sliznici.<\/p><\/li>

            • Z\u00e1vislost na laxativech:<\/b> St\u0159evo si zvykne na um\u011bl\u00fd podn\u011bt a \u201ezleniv\u00ed\u201c.<\/p><\/li>

            • Nedostatek elektrolyt\u016f:<\/b> \u010cast\u00e9 u\u017e\u00edv\u00e1n\u00ed m\u016f\u017ee v\u00e9st k nebezpe\u010dn\u00e9mu nedostatku drasl\u00edku a sod\u00edku a tak\u00e9 k dehydrataci.<\/p><\/li><\/ul>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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              • \n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/i>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tProbiotika: Podpora \u0161etrn\u00e1 k organismu<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/li>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/ul>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t
                \n\t\t\t\t
                \n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t

                Probiotika jsou \u017eiv\u00e9 mikroorganismy, kter\u00e9 mohou c\u00edlen\u011b pomoci obnovit rovnov\u00e1hu ve st\u0159evech. Na rozd\u00edl od proj\u00edmadel se zam\u011b\u0159uj\u00ed na dlouhodobou regulaci st\u0159evn\u00ed \u010dinnosti.<\/p>

                1. Znovuos\u00eddlen\u00ed:<\/b> Pom\u00e1haj\u00ed kompenzovat ztr\u00e1tu prosp\u011b\u0161n\u00fdch kmen\u016f zp\u016fsobenou laxativy.<\/p><\/li>

                2. Ochrana bari\u00e9ry:<\/b> Posiluj\u00ed st\u0159evn\u00ed sliznici a mohou chr\u00e1nit p\u0159ed syndromem propustn\u00e9ho st\u0159eva (\u201eLeaky Gut\u201c).<\/p><\/li>

                3. Regulace:<\/b> Ur\u010dit\u00e9 kmeny p\u0159irozen\u00fdm zp\u016fsobem zlep\u0161uj\u00ed konzistenci stolice a pohyb st\u0159ev.<\/p><\/li><\/ol>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

                  \n\t\t\t\t
                  \n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t
                    \n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t
                  • \n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/i>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tPodtr\u017eeno, se\u010dteno<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/li>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/ul>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t
                    \n\t\t\t\t
                    \n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t

                    Proj\u00edmadla \u0159e\u0161\u00ed pouze symptom, nikoliv p\u0159\u00ed\u010dinu (jako je nedostatek vl\u00e1kniny nebo pohybu). Pro trval\u00e9 zlep\u0161en\u00ed t\u011bchto pot\u00ed\u017e\u00ed se doporu\u010duje kombinace:<\/p>

                    • strava bohat\u00e1 na vl\u00e1kninu<\/b> a dostatek tekutin<\/p><\/li>

                    • pravideln\u00fd pohyb<\/b><\/p><\/li>

                    • c\u00edlen\u00e9 pod\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed probiotik a prebiotik<\/b> pro pos\u00edlen\u00ed mikrobiomu<\/p><\/li>

                    • l\u00e9ka\u0159sk\u00e9 vy\u0161et\u0159en\u00ed<\/b> p\u0159i symptomech trvaj\u00edc\u00edch d\u00e9le ne\u017e 3 m\u011bs\u00edce<\/p><\/li><\/ul>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

                      Proj\u00edmadla, medic\u00ednsky naz\u00fdvan\u00e1 laxativa, jsou pro mnoho lid\u00ed vn\u00edm\u00e1na jako nekomplikovan\u00e9 a rychl\u00e9 \u0159e\u0161en\u00ed z\u00e1cpy. A\u0165 u\u017e se jedn\u00e1 o probl\u00e9my na cest\u00e1ch, n\u00e1sledek stresu nebo pot\u00ed\u017ee spojen\u00e9 s vy\u0161\u0161\u00edm v\u011bkem, s\u00e1hnut\u00ed po tablet\u011b \u010di pr\u00e1\u0161ku se \u010dasto jev\u00ed jako ne\u0161kodn\u00fd krok. V posledn\u00edch letech se v\u0161ak v\u00fdzkum st\u00e1le intenzivn\u011bji zam\u011b\u0159uje na to, co se p\u0159i pravideln\u00e9m u\u017e\u00edv\u00e1n\u00ed t\u011bchto l\u00e1tek d\u011bje s na\u0161\u00edm st\u0159evn\u00edm mikrobiomem \u2013 tedy se spole\u010denstv\u00edm v\u0161ech mikroorganism\u016f v na\u0161em tr\u00e1vic\u00edm traktu.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":13,"featured_media":20586,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"inline_featured_image":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[107,108],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-20593","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-novinky-ve-vyzkumu","category-potize-a-poradenstvi"],"acf":[],"rank_math":{"og:title":"Jak\u00fd vliv maj\u00ed proj\u00edmadla na st\u0159evn\u00ed mikrobiom?","og:desc":"Proj\u00edmadla se zdaj\u00ed b\u00fdt ne\u0161kodn\u00fdm \u0159e\u0161en\u00edm z\u00e1cpy. V\u00fdzkum v\u0161ak varuje: pravideln\u00e9 u\u017e\u00edv\u00e1n\u00ed m\u016f\u017ee naru\u0161it st\u0159evn\u00ed mikrobiom a negativn\u011b ovlivnit zdrav\u00ed st\u0159ev.","og:url":"https:\/\/www.omni-biotic.com\/cs-cz\/blog\/jaky-vliv-maji-projimadla-na-strevni-mikrobiom\/","og:locale":"cs_CZ","og:image":"https:\/\/www.omni-biotic.com\/cs-cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/8\/2026\/03\/OB_WOMAN_Floraplus_Sachet-2-e1773046011722.png","og:image:width":"1078","og:image:height":"1010"},"additional_data":{"thumbnail":"https:\/\/www.omni-biotic.com\/cs-cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/8\/2026\/03\/OB_WOMAN_Floraplus_Sachet-2-e1773046011722.png"},"blog_info":{"country":"cs-cz"},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.omni-biotic.com\/cs-cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/20593","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.omni-biotic.com\/cs-cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.omni-biotic.com\/cs-cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.omni-biotic.com\/cs-cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/13"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.omni-biotic.com\/cs-cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=20593"}],"version-history":[{"count":7,"href":"https:\/\/www.omni-biotic.com\/cs-cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/20593\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":20613,"href":"https:\/\/www.omni-biotic.com\/cs-cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/20593\/revisions\/20613"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.omni-biotic.com\/cs-cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/20586"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.omni-biotic.com\/cs-cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=20593"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.omni-biotic.com\/cs-cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=20593"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.omni-biotic.com\/cs-cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=20593"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}