{"id":22406,"date":"2024-02-21T14:15:55Z","date_gmt":"2024-02-21T13:15:55Z","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.omni-biotic.com\/sk-sk\/?p=22406"},"modified":"2026-01-20T16:24:23Z","modified_gmt":"2026-01-20T15:24:23Z","slug":"alergie-prehnana-reakcia-imunitneho-systemu","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.omni-biotic.com\/sk-sk\/blog\/alergie-prehnana-reakcia-imunitneho-systemu\/","title":{"rendered":"Alergie: prehnan\u00e1 reakcia imunitn\u00e9ho syst\u00e9mu"},"content":{"rendered":"\t\t
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Alergie na vzostupe<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t
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N\u00e1dcha<\/strong>, opuchnut\u00e9<\/strong> a svrbiace o\u010di<\/strong>: \u013eudia trpiaci sennou n\u00e1dchou<\/strong> sotva pre\u017e\u00edvaj\u00fa kr\u00e1snu jar, preto\u017ee sa u\u017e roky musia prisp\u00f4sobova\u0165 dlh\u0161iemu alergick\u00e9mu obdobiu<\/strong> kv\u00f4li miernej\u0161\u00edm teplot\u00e1m. A to sa t\u00fdka pomerne ve\u013ek\u00e9ho po\u010dtu \u013eud\u00ed – ve\u010f alergie na pe\u013e<\/strong> s\u00fa najroz\u0161\u00edrenej\u0161\u00edmi alergiami<\/strong> a v na\u0161ej \u010dasti sveta postihuj\u00fa pribli\u017ene 15 % popul\u00e1cie<\/strong>.<\/p>

Po\u010det alergikov<\/strong> na celom svete u\u017e roky st\u00fapa<\/strong>: In\u0161tit\u00fat Roberta Kocha predpoklad\u00e1, \u017ee ka\u017ed\u00e9mu \u0161tvrt\u00e9mu \u010dloveku<\/strong> bude aspo\u0148 raz v \u017eivote diagnostikovan\u00e1 alergia<\/strong><\/a>. Ve\u010f kto by nepoznal niekoho, kto je alergick\u00fd na tr\u00e1vu<\/strong>, rozto\u010de dom\u00e1ceho prachu<\/strong><\/a>, ma\u010dacie chlpy<\/strong>, ara\u0161idy a podobne? Aj ke\u010f je diagn\u00f3za<\/strong> \u010dasto stanoven\u00e1, v\u00e4\u010d\u0161ina alergikov<\/strong> nevyu\u017e\u00edva adekv\u00e1tnu lie\u010dbu vo forme hyposenzibiliz\u00e1cie<\/strong>, ktor\u00e1 m\u00e1 80 % \u00faspe\u0161nos\u0165<\/strong>. Hyposenzibiliz\u00e1cia v\u0161ak nechr\u00e1ni pred vznikom nov\u00fdch alergi\u00ed<\/strong>. V\u00fdsledkom je, \u017ee mnoh\u00ed \u013eudia bojuj\u00fa s pr\u00edznakmi pomocou tabliet, o\u010dn\u00fdch kvapiek<\/strong> a nosov\u00fdch sprejov<\/strong>, ale pr\u00ed\u010dina zost\u00e1va<\/strong>.<\/p>

T\u00fdm sa zvy\u0161uje aj riziko alarmuj\u00faceho presunu pr\u00edznakov<\/strong> do hlb\u0161\u00edch d\u00fdchac\u00edch ciest, priedu\u0161iek<\/strong>: v\u00fdsledkom je alergick\u00e1 bronchi\u00e1lna astma<\/strong>, ktor\u00e1 sa vyskytuje a\u017e v 40 % nelie\u010den\u00fdch alergi\u00ed<\/strong>.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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\u010coraz viac det\u00ed m\u00e1 alergie<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t
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Dr. Adolf Heschl<\/strong>, ktor\u00fd m\u00e1 doktor\u00e1t z biol\u00f3gie<\/strong> a je vedeck\u00fdm poradcom, pozorne sleduje rast\u00faci v\u00fdznam tejto t\u00e9my. „Ka\u017ed\u00e1 druh\u00e1 ot\u00e1zka na\u0161im odborn\u00edkom sa teraz to\u010d\u00ed okolo alergi\u00ed alebo intoleranci\u00ed<\/strong><\/a>. Je tie\u017e badate\u013en\u00e9, \u017ee je postihnut\u00fdch \u010doraz viac det\u00ed<\/strong><\/a>, a to u\u017e od narodenia.“<\/p>

Alergie<\/strong> vo forme atopick\u00e9ho ekz\u00e9mu<\/strong> <\/a>– zn\u00e1meho aj ako neurodermatit\u00edda<\/strong> – sa prejavuj\u00fa u\u017e u doj\u010diat a batoliat<\/strong>. Tento probl\u00e9m sa v z\u00e1padnom svete v posledn\u00fdch rokoch strojn\u00e1sobil: V s\u00fa\u010dasnosti n\u00edm trp\u00ed pribli\u017ene 15 a\u017e 20 % v\u0161etk\u00fdch det\u00ed<\/strong> na svete. Pr\u00edznaky: svrbenie<\/strong>, \u010derven\u00e1 ko\u017ea<\/strong>, ktor\u00e1 je opuchnut\u00e1<\/strong> a popraskan\u00e1<\/strong> a m\u00f4\u017ee dokonca vies\u0165 k probl\u00e9mom so sp\u00e1nkom<\/strong> u det\u00ed, ke\u010f\u017ee svrbenie<\/strong> m\u00f4\u017ee by\u0165 v noci ve\u013emi v\u00fdrazn\u00e9<\/strong>. „Ak sa tieto deti nelie\u010dia, \u010dasto v priebehu \u017eivota prejd\u00fa charakteristickou dr\u00e1hou alergika,“ hovor\u00ed Dr. Heschl. V d\u00f4sledku poruchy regul\u00e1cie imunitn\u00e9ho syst\u00e9mu<\/strong><\/a> sa k atopickej dermatit\u00edde<\/strong><\/a> (\u010dasto v spojen\u00ed s potravinovou alergiou<\/strong>) nesk\u00f4r pridru\u017eia \u010fal\u0161ie alergick\u00e9 ochorenia, ako s\u00fa alergie na pe\u013e<\/strong> alebo rozto\u010de dom\u00e1ceho prachu<\/strong>, a po f\u00e1zach bez pr\u00edznakov dokonca astma<\/strong>.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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Pre\u010do po\u010det alergi\u00ed neust\u00e1le narast\u00e1?<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t
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Pre\u010do sa u niektor\u00fdch \u013eud\u00ed alergie vyvin\u00fa a u in\u00fdch nie, nie je zatia\u013e \u00faplne jasn\u00e9. Ist\u00e9 je, \u017ee alergie<\/strong> sa zhor\u0161uj\u00fa v d\u00f4sledku \u017eivotn\u00fdch podmienok v modern\u00fdch priemyseln\u00fdch krajin\u00e1ch. Pr\u00edli\u0161n\u00e1 hygiena<\/strong>, zv\u00fd\u0161en\u00e9 zne\u010distenie \u017eivotn\u00e9ho prostredia, klimatick\u00e9 zmeny<\/strong> a s nimi spojen\u00e9 zmeny vo svete rastl\u00edn patria medzi aspekty, o ktor\u00fdch sa v s\u00fa\u010dasnosti vie, \u017ee s\u00favisia so \u0161\u00edren\u00edm alergick\u00fdch ochoren\u00ed<\/strong>. Alergiami na pe\u013e<\/strong> trp\u00ed \u010doraz viac \u013eud\u00ed, najm\u00e4 v mestsk\u00fdch oblastiach. Zne\u010dis\u0165uj\u00face l\u00e1tky v ovzdu\u0161\u00ed, ako s\u00fa oz\u00f3n, oxid dusi\u010dit\u00fd alebo pevn\u00e9 \u010dastice, s\u00fa siln\u00fdmi oxida\u010dn\u00fdmi \u010dinidlami a ved\u00fa k z\u00e1palov\u00fdm reakci\u00e1m<\/strong> v d\u00fdchac\u00edch cest\u00e1ch. Menia tie\u017e chemick\u00fa \u0161trukt\u00faru alerg\u00e9nov v pe\u013eoch<\/strong>, ktor\u00e9 sa vzn\u00e1\u0161aj\u00fa v okol\u00ed, \u010do e\u0161te zvy\u0161uje ich \u00fa\u010dinnos\u0165. Je tie\u017e zrejm\u00e9, \u017ee po\u010detn\u00e9 alerg\u00e9ny<\/strong> sa produkuj\u00fa \u010dastej\u0161ie, ke\u010f s\u00fa rastliny vystaven\u00e9 stresu<\/strong>, t. j. po\u010das hor\u00fa\u010dav, sucha alebo pri zv\u00fd\u0161enom p\u00f4soben\u00ed l\u00e1tok zne\u010dis\u0165uj\u00facich ovzdu\u0161ie<\/strong>.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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\"Naprogramovan\u00e9\" alergie<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t
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Okrem vonkaj\u0161\u00edch faktorov zohr\u00e1va \u00falohu aj dedi\u010dn\u00e1 predispoz\u00edcia<\/strong>. Ak jeden z rodi\u010dov trp\u00ed alergiou<\/strong>, die\u0165a m\u00e1 o 20 a\u017e 40 % vy\u0161\u0161ie riziko<\/strong>, \u017ee sa u neho choroba tie\u017e prejav\u00ed – ak s\u00fa postihnut\u00ed obaja rodi\u010dia, riziko je u\u017e o 80 % vy\u0161\u0161ie<\/strong>. Pod\u013ea s\u00fa\u010dasn\u00fdch poznatkov je najd\u00f4le\u017eitej\u0161\u00edm faktorom, ktor\u00fd m\u00f4\u017ee ovplyvni\u0165 sklon jednotlivca k alergi\u00e1m<\/strong>, priamo v na\u0161om strede: \u010drevo<\/strong><\/a>. Nie nadarmo sa pova\u017euje za „s\u00eddlo imunitn\u00e9ho syst\u00e9mu“<\/strong><\/a> – ve\u010f a\u017e 70 % imunitn\u00fdch buniek<\/strong> produkuj\u00facich protil\u00e1tky sa nach\u00e1dza pr\u00e1ve tu a riadi imunitn\u00fa odpove\u010f<\/strong>. V kone\u010dnom d\u00f4sledku nie je alergia<\/strong> ni\u010d in\u00e9 ako nadmern\u00e1 reakcia n\u00e1\u0161ho imunitn\u00e9ho syst\u00e9mu<\/strong>. Po\u010detn\u00e9 \u0161t\u00fadie v s\u00fa\u010dasnosti potvrdili, \u017ee ur\u010dit\u00e9 bakteri\u00e1lne faktory maj\u00fa vplyv na alergie<\/strong>. Deti, ktor\u00e9 vyrastaj\u00fa na farme<\/strong><\/a> (alebo v jej bezprostrednej bl\u00edzkosti), maj\u00fa v\u00fdrazne ni\u017e\u0161iu pravdepodobnos\u0165 vzniku alergick\u00fdch ochoren\u00ed<\/strong>, \u010do sa pripisuje mikrobi\u00e1lnym ochrann\u00fdm faktorom napr\u00edklad v prachu zo stodoly.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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\n <\/i> <\/div>\n
\n \u0160t\u00fadie dokazuj\u00fa, \u017ee u det\u00ed s n\u00edzkou mikrobi\u00e1lnou biodiverzitou je zv\u00fd\u0161en\u00e9 riziko alergi\u00ed. <\/div>\n
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Nadmern\u00e1 hygiena<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t
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Opa\u010dn\u00fd \u00fa\u010dinok je zn\u00e1my ako hygienick\u00e1 hypot\u00e9za. „V s\u00fa\u010dasnosti sa predpoklad\u00e1, \u017ee pr\u00edli\u0161n\u00e1 hygiena podporuje vznik alergick\u00fdch ochoren\u00ed<\/strong>, preto\u017ee vedie k trvalej nadmernej aktiv\u00e1cii vroden\u00e9ho imunitn\u00e9ho syst\u00e9mu<\/strong>,“ vysvet\u013euje Dr. Heschl. To je napr\u00edklad pr\u00edpad pr\u00edli\u0161 \u010dasto k\u00fapan\u00fdch det\u00ed. Pr\u00edli\u0161 \u010dast\u00e9 um\u00fdvanie – \u010dasto s nadmern\u00fdm pou\u017e\u00edvan\u00edm sprchov\u00fdch g\u00e9lov alebo mydla – odstra\u0148uje z detskej poko\u017eky ochrann\u00fd kysl\u00fd pl\u00e1\u0161\u0165<\/strong> a zni\u017euje ochrann\u00fd mikrobi\u00f3m<\/strong>. A pr\u00e1ve tieto dva ochrann\u00e9 faktory proti alergick\u00fdm reakci\u00e1m ovplyv\u0148uje v \u010drev\u00e1ch aj pr\u00edli\u0161 „\u010dist\u00fd“ \u017eivotn\u00fd \u0161t\u00fdl: spr\u00e1vnu hodnotu pH<\/strong> a \u010do najv\u00e4\u010d\u0161\u00ed po\u010det komenz\u00e1lnych – t. j. ochrann\u00fdch<\/strong> a dokonca prospe\u0161n\u00fdch – bakt\u00e9ri\u00ed<\/strong>. Po\u010detn\u00e9 \u0161t\u00fadie dokazuj\u00fa, \u017ee medzi mikrobi\u00f3mom ko\u017ee<\/strong><\/a> a \u010driev existuje \u00fazka s\u00favislos\u0165<\/strong>. Odborn\u00edci hovoria o osi \u010drevo-ko\u017ea<\/strong>: pod\u013ea nej maj\u00fa \u013eudia s ko\u017en\u00fdmi ochoreniami \u010dasto aj ochorenia tr\u00e1viaceho traktu – a naopak.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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Vroden\u00e1 a z\u00edskan\u00e1 imunitn\u00e1 odpove\u010f<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t
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V priebehu evol\u00facie sa u \u013eud\u00ed vyvinul komplexn\u00fd obrann\u00fd syst\u00e9m<\/strong> na ochranu pred patog\u00e9nmi, ktor\u00e9 sp\u00f4sobuj\u00fa choroby<\/strong>. Imunitn\u00e1 funkcia<\/strong> je \u010diasto\u010dne vroden\u00e1 a \u010diasto\u010dne z\u00edskan\u00e1<\/strong>. Vzh\u013eadom na \u010dast\u00e9 infekcie u det\u00ed a doj\u010diat<\/strong><\/a> je \u0165a\u017ek\u00e9 tomu uveri\u0165, ale: „Deti maj\u00fa ve\u013emi kompetentn\u00fd imunitn\u00fd syst\u00e9m<\/strong> – a ten je zalo\u017een\u00fd na neust\u00e1lom vystaven\u00ed potenci\u00e1lnym patog\u00e9nom,“ vysvet\u013euje odborn\u00edk na mikrobi\u00f3m<\/strong>. „V maternici matky je die\u0165a e\u0161te v chr\u00e1nenom prostred\u00ed, ale pri naroden\u00ed je imunitn\u00e1 obrana die\u0165a\u0165a<\/strong> prakticky zo sekundy na sekundu konfrontovan\u00e1 s \u00faplne nov\u00fdm prostred\u00edm<\/strong> – vroden\u00fd imunitn\u00fd syst\u00e9m<\/strong> sa preto aktivuje okam\u017eite<\/strong>.“<\/p>

A\u017e ke\u010f vroden\u00fd imunitn\u00fd syst\u00e9m nedok\u00e1\u017ee zni\u010di\u0165 patog\u00e9ny<\/strong>, nast\u00fapi z\u00edskan\u00fd imunitn\u00fd syst\u00e9m<\/strong>, ktor\u00fd sa vyv\u00edja po\u010das cel\u00e9ho \u017eivota<\/strong>. Je ove\u013ea presnej\u0161\u00ed<\/strong> a dok\u00e1\u017ee si \u00fato\u010dn\u00edkov natrvalo zapam\u00e4ta\u0165. Tieto imunitn\u00e9 reakcie<\/strong> s\u00fa riaden\u00e9 zlo\u017eitou s\u00fahrou pomocn\u00fdch buniek TH1 a TH2<\/strong>. V prv\u00fdch mesiacoch \u017eivota je preto potrebn\u00e9, aby bakteri\u00e1lne kmene, ako s\u00fa bifidobakt\u00e9rie<\/em> a laktobacily<\/em> pr\u00edtomn\u00e9 v \u010drevnom mikrobi\u00f3me<\/strong><\/a>, stimulovali dozrievanie buniek TH1, aby sa vyv\u00e1\u017eila dominancia TH2, ktor\u00e1 prirodzene existuje po naroden\u00ed<\/strong>.<\/p>

Ak nerovnov\u00e1ha buniek TH1 a TH2<\/strong> pretrv\u00e1va aj po naroden\u00ed, je ve\u013ek\u00e1 pravdepodobnos\u0165, \u017ee sa u die\u0165a\u0165a sk\u00f4r \u010di nesk\u00f4r vyvin\u00fa alergick\u00e9 reakcie<\/strong> v podobe ekz\u00e9mu<\/strong>. \u0160t\u00fadie dokazuj\u00fa, \u017ee u det\u00ed s n\u00edzkou mikrobi\u00e1lnou biodiverzitou je zv\u00fd\u0161en\u00e9 riziko vzniku alergi\u00ed<\/strong>: Zistilo sa napr\u00edklad, \u017ee deti naroden\u00e9 cis\u00e1rskym rezom a deti viackr\u00e1t lie\u010den\u00e9 antibiotikami<\/strong><\/a> mali men\u0161iu rozmanitos\u0165 druhov v \u010drevnom mikrobi\u00f3me a mali v\u00fdrazne v\u00e4\u010d\u0161iu tendenciu k vzniku alergi\u00ed<\/strong> ako ostatn\u00e9 deti. Podobne zmenen\u00e9 zlo\u017eenie mikrobi\u00f3mu<\/strong> sa zistilo aj u det\u00ed, ktor\u00e9 boli k\u0155men\u00e9 z f\u013ea\u0161e namiesto doj\u010denia<\/strong><\/a>. Mikrobi\u00f3m matky<\/strong> tie\u017e ur\u010duje sklon jej die\u0165a\u0165a k alergi\u00e1m<\/strong>, preto\u017ee prirodzen\u00fdm p\u00f4rodom doch\u00e1dza k prenosu matkinej \u010drevnej mikrobioty do mikrobioty die\u0165a\u0165a<\/strong>.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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Prevencia pomocou probiot\u00edk<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t
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A pr\u00e1ve tu sa naskyt\u00e1 d\u00f4le\u017eit\u00e1 pr\u00edle\u017eitos\u0165 predch\u00e1dza\u0165 vzniku alergi\u00ed<\/strong> – najm\u00e4 v pr\u00edpade rodinnej anamn\u00e9zy<\/strong> – u\u017e od \u00fatleho veku: Obnoven\u00edm optim\u00e1lnej rovnov\u00e1hy TH1\/TH2<\/strong>. Ako uk\u00e1zali mnoh\u00e9 v\u00fdskumy, niektor\u00e9 bakteri\u00e1lne kmene maj\u00fa pr\u00e1ve t\u00fato schopnos\u0165. Dokonca aj v pr\u00edpade u\u017e existuj\u00facich alergi\u00ed v prv\u00fdch mesiacoch \u017eivota<\/strong> sa uk\u00e1zalo, \u017ee u\u017e\u00edvanie \u0161peci\u00e1lnej kombin\u00e1cie bakt\u00e9ri\u00ed<\/strong> <\/a>(matkou v posledn\u00fdch mesiacoch tehotenstva a die\u0165a\u0165om v prvom roku \u017eivota) m\u00f4\u017ee zabr\u00e1ni\u0165 vzniku ekz\u00e9mu o viac ako 70 %<\/strong> – dokonca \u010faleko nad r\u00e1mec u\u017e\u00edvania probiot\u00edk.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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F\u00e1zy vzniku alergie<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t
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Mnoh\u00ed \u013eudia sa st\u00e1le domnievaj\u00fa, \u017ee alergie<\/strong> sa zvy\u010dajne objavuj\u00fa v detstve<\/strong>, ale: „Existuje nieko\u013eko f\u00e1z \u017eivota, v ktor\u00fdch sa alergie m\u00f4\u017eu vyvin\u00fa\u0165,“ upozor\u0148uje Dr. Heschl. Citliv\u00fdmi f\u00e1zami, v ktor\u00fdch sa n\u00e1\u0161 imunitn\u00fd syst\u00e9m mus\u00ed prisp\u00f4sobi\u0165<\/strong> nov\u00e9mu mikrobi\u00e1lnemu prostrediu, s\u00fa napr\u00edklad n\u00e1stup do \u0161k\u00f4lky<\/strong> a \u0161koly alebo puberta<\/strong>, ktor\u00e1 je charakteristick\u00e1 e\u0161te v\u00e4\u010d\u0161ou fyzickou bl\u00edzkos\u0165ou k in\u00fdm \u013eu\u010fom. Ak \u010drevn\u00e9 imunitn\u00e9 centrum nie je v rovnov\u00e1he, m\u00f4\u017eu sa r\u00fdchlo vyvin\u00fa\u0165 nov\u00e9 alergie<\/strong>. Ani vo vy\u0161\u0161om veku nie ste vo\u010di tomu im\u00fanni a m\u00f4\u017eete ma\u0165 pocit, \u017ee zo d\u0148a na de\u0148 bojujete s pr\u00edznakmi alergie<\/strong>: „Je to pravdepodobne sp\u00f4soben\u00e9 najm\u00e4 t\u00fdm, \u017ee sa zni\u017euje produkcia hlienu<\/strong> na slizniciach tela, \u010do znamen\u00e1, \u017ee do organizmu sa dost\u00e1va viac potenci\u00e1lnych alerg\u00e9nov<\/strong> a tox\u00ednov<\/strong>,“ vysvet\u013euje odborn\u00edk.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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Prim\u00e1rny cie\u013e: posilni\u0165 \u010drevn\u00fa bari\u00e9ru<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t
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Okrem vyv\u00e1\u017een\u00e9ho imunitn\u00e9ho syst\u00e9mu<\/strong> je pre prevenciu alergi\u00ed rozhoduj\u00faca aj siln\u00e1 \u010drevn\u00e1 bari\u00e9ra<\/strong>. V zdravom \u010dreve funguje ako nepreniknute\u013en\u00fd ochrann\u00fd \u0161t\u00edt<\/strong> proti votrelcom a alerg\u00e9nom<\/strong>: negat\u00edvne faktory \u017eivotn\u00e9ho \u0161t\u00fdlu bari\u00e9ru \u010doraz viac oslabuj\u00fa, a preto sa st\u00e1va priepustnej\u0161ou<\/strong> <\/a>pre niektor\u00e9 zlo\u017eky potravy, toxick\u00e9 l\u00e1tky a alerg\u00e9ny, ktor\u00e9 sa potom dost\u00e1vaj\u00fa do organizmu<\/strong>. Dlhodob\u00fd stres<\/a><\/strong>, u\u017e\u00edvanie antibiot\u00edk<\/strong><\/a> alebo in\u00fdch liekov \u010di nevyv\u00e1\u017een\u00e1 strava s n\u00edzkym obsahom<\/strong> vl\u00e1kniny<\/strong> <\/a>preto zvy\u0161uj\u00fa pravdepodobnos\u0165 vzniku alergi\u00ed<\/strong> alebo potravinovej intolerancie<\/strong> aj v dospelosti. Dr. Heschl preto rad\u00ed: „V\u0161etky opatrenia, ktor\u00e9 posil\u0148uj\u00fa \u010drevn\u00fa bari\u00e9ru<\/strong> ako mikrobi\u00e1lny ochrann\u00fd \u0161t\u00edt proti negat\u00edvnym vonkaj\u0161\u00edm vplyvom, pom\u00e1haj\u00fa obnovi\u0165<\/strong> v\u00e4\u010d\u0161iu toleranciu<\/strong> v \u010drevnom imunitnom syst\u00e9me a zni\u017euj\u00fa alergick\u00e9 nadmern\u00e9 reakcie<\/strong>. Ak sa cez \u010drevn\u00fa bari\u00e9ru dostane len m\u00e1lo alerg\u00e9nov, imunitn\u00fd syst\u00e9m sa m\u00f4\u017ee venova\u0165 in\u00fdm skuto\u010dne d\u00f4le\u017eit\u00fdm obrann\u00fdm opatreniam – napr\u00edklad obrane proti nebezpe\u010dn\u00fdm patog\u00e9nom<\/strong>, ako s\u00fa \u010doraz \u010dastej\u0161ie \u0161kodliv\u00e9 bakt\u00e9rie odoln\u00e9 vo\u010di antibiotik\u00e1m<\/strong><\/a>.“<\/p>

Z\u00e1kladn\u00fdm predpokladom \u00fa\u010dinnej \u010drevnej bari\u00e9ry<\/strong> je v\u017edy dostato\u010dn\u00e9 mno\u017estvo imunomodula\u010dn\u00fdch bakt\u00e9ri\u00ed. \u0160peci\u00e1lne kmene bakt\u00e9ri\u00ed<\/strong><\/a> maj\u00fa schopnos\u0165 p\u00f4sobi\u0165 stimula\u010dne na obrann\u00fd syst\u00e9m<\/strong> t\u00fdm, \u017ee zvy\u0161uj\u00fa produkciu d\u00f4le\u017eit\u00fdch imunitn\u00fdch l\u00e1tok, ako je napr\u00edklad sekre\u010dn\u00fd imunoglobul\u00edn A (sIgA)<\/strong>, ktor\u00fd zabezpe\u010duje, \u017ee patog\u00e9ny nem\u00f4\u017eu pri\u013en\u00fa\u0165 na sliznicu a mno\u017ei\u0165 sa. Alebo interleuk\u00edn-10 (IL 10), posol imunitn\u00e9ho syst\u00e9mu<\/strong>, ktor\u00fd m\u00e1 protiz\u00e1palov\u00fd \u00fa\u010dinok a vyrovn\u00e1va pomer TH1 a TH2<\/strong>. Aj tu s\u00fa rozhoduj\u00facou pomocou medic\u00ednsky relevantn\u00e9<\/strong> probiotik\u00e1<\/strong><\/a>: V \u0161t\u00fadii so s\u00fa\u0165a\u017eiacimi \u0161portovcami sa u\u017e\u00edvan\u00edm<\/strong> viacdruhov\u00e9ho probiotika<\/strong><\/a> pozost\u00e1vaj\u00faceho zo 6 imunomodula\u010dn\u00fdch k\u013e\u00fa\u010dov\u00fdch kme\u0148ov po\u010das iba 4 t\u00fd\u017ed\u0148ov<\/strong> normalizovala hodnota sIgA u 44 %<\/strong> testovan\u00fdch os\u00f4b.<\/p>

N\u00e1\u0161 mikrobi\u00f3m<\/strong> sa preto v\u00fdznamne podie\u013ea na vzniku a prevencii alergi\u00ed<\/strong>. To otv\u00e1ra mo\u017enosti pre opatrenia, najm\u00e4 pre \u013eud\u00ed, ktor\u00ed – a medzi nich dnes patr\u00ed drviv\u00e1 v\u00e4\u010d\u0161ina svetovej popul\u00e1cie – vyrastali \u010faleko od dosahu farm\u00e1rskeho prachu. Siln\u00e1 \u010drevn\u00e1 mikrobiota <\/strong>zabezpe\u010duje siln\u00fa \u010drevn\u00fa bari\u00e9ru<\/strong> a v\u010faka tomu je n\u00e1\u0161 imunitn\u00fd syst\u00e9m tolerantnej\u0161\u00ed vo\u010di ne\u0161kodn\u00fdm vonkaj\u0161\u00edm vplyvom<\/strong> – od ma\u010dac\u00edch chlpov a\u017e po pe\u013e brezy.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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\n \"\" <\/div>\n <\/div>\n
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\n Dr. Adolf Heschl <\/div>\n
\n Dr. Adolf Heschl \u0161tudoval zool\u00f3giu a botaniku na univerzite v Grazi. Tento biol\u00f3g a evolu\u010dn\u00fd v\u00fdskumn\u00edk u\u017e viac ako 10 rokov pracuje ako vedeck\u00fd konzultant v oblasti v\u00fdskumu mikrobi\u00f3mu. <\/div>\n <\/div>\n <\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Alergie mo\u017eno v chladnej\u0161\u00edch mesiacoch \u013eah\u0161ie potla\u010di\u0165, a\u017e k\u00fdm za\u010diatkom roka nezaklope jar a vzduchom nezabzu\u010d\u00ed prv\u00fd pe\u013e: najnesk\u00f4r prv\u00e9 k\u00fdchnutie mnoh\u00fdch \u013eud\u00ed op\u00e4\u0165 upozorn\u00ed na ich alergiu. V modern\u00fdch priemyseln\u00fdch krajin\u00e1ch je v\u00fdskyt alergick\u00fdch ochoren\u00ed u\u017e roky na vzostupe. \u010crev\u00e1, a najm\u00e4 \u010drevn\u00e9 bakt\u00e9rie, tu zohr\u00e1vaj\u00fa k\u013e\u00fa\u010dov\u00fa \u00falohu: s\u00fa d\u00f4le\u017eit\u00fdmi „tr\u00e9nermi“ pre imunitn\u00fd syst\u00e9m v ranom detstve a maj\u00fa vplyv aj na alergick\u00e9 prejavy v dospelosti.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":17,"featured_media":22421,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"inline_featured_image":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[80],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-22406","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-staznosti-a-poradenstvo"],"acf":[],"rank_math":{"og:title":"Alergie: prehnan\u00e1 reakcia imunitn\u00e9ho syst\u00e9mu - OMNi-BiOTiC\u00ae","og:desc":"\u010co s\u00fa alergie a pre\u010do po\u010det alergi\u00ed neust\u00e1le narast\u00e1? Posilnen\u00edm imunitn\u00e9ho syst\u00e9mu a \u010drevnej bari\u00e9ry m\u00f4\u017eno predch\u00e1dza\u0165 alergick\u00fdm reakci\u00e1m.","og:url":"https:\/\/www.omni-biotic.com\/sk-sk\/blog\/alergie-prehnana-reakcia-imunitneho-systemu\/","og:locale":"sk_SK","og:image":"https:\/\/www.omni-biotic.com\/sk-sk\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/9\/2024\/02\/alergie.jpg","og:image:width":"700","og:image:height":"500"},"additional_data":{"thumbnail":"https:\/\/www.omni-biotic.com\/sk-sk\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/9\/2024\/02\/alergie.jpg"},"blog_info":{"country":"sk-sk"},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.omni-biotic.com\/sk-sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/22406","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.omni-biotic.com\/sk-sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.omni-biotic.com\/sk-sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.omni-biotic.com\/sk-sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/17"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.omni-biotic.com\/sk-sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=22406"}],"version-history":[{"count":7,"href":"https:\/\/www.omni-biotic.com\/sk-sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/22406\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":28621,"href":"https:\/\/www.omni-biotic.com\/sk-sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/22406\/revisions\/28621"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.omni-biotic.com\/sk-sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/22421"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.omni-biotic.com\/sk-sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=22406"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.omni-biotic.com\/sk-sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=22406"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.omni-biotic.com\/sk-sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=22406"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}