{"id":22695,"date":"2025-10-21T07:05:36Z","date_gmt":"2025-10-21T05:05:36Z","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.omni-biotic.com\/sk-sk\/?p=22695"},"modified":"2025-12-30T16:35:01Z","modified_gmt":"2025-12-30T15:35:01Z","slug":"probiotika-a-antibiotika","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.omni-biotic.com\/sk-sk\/blog\/probiotika-a-antibiotika\/","title":{"rendered":"Probiotik\u00e1 a antibiotik\u00e1"},"content":{"rendered":"\t\t
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Objavenie penicil\u00ednu<\/strong>: Bola to vlastne len n\u00e1hoda. Alexander Fleming odi\u0161iel v roku 1928 na letn\u00fa dovolenku a vo svojom laborat\u00f3riu<\/strong> zabudol kultiva\u010dn\u00e9 m\u00e9dium<\/strong> s patog\u00e9nnymi bakt\u00e9riami<\/strong>. Po n\u00e1vrate na\u0161iel v Petriho miske plese\u0148<\/strong>, v bl\u00edzkosti ktorej sa tieto z\u00e1rodky nemohli mno\u017ei\u0165<\/strong>. Hoci na my\u0161lienku pou\u017ei\u0165 t\u00fato plese\u0148, ktor\u00fa nazval „penicil\u00edn“<\/strong>, ako liek<\/strong> nepri\u0161iel, o cel\u00e9 desa\u0165ro\u010die nesk\u00f4r vedci Ernst B. Chain<\/strong>, Howard Florey<\/strong> a Norman Heatley<\/strong> vyu\u017eili jeho pozn\u00e1mky. Podarilo sa im izolova\u0165 \u00fa\u010dinn\u00fa l\u00e1tku<\/strong> plesne a dok\u00e1za\u0165 jej efekt na grampozit\u00edvne bakt\u00e9rie<\/strong>.<\/p>

Penicil\u00edn<\/strong> sa v\u0161ak takmer nikdy nestal \u00fa\u010dinn\u00fdm liekom<\/strong>, ktor\u00fd lie\u010di nespo\u010detn\u00e9 mno\u017estvo bakteri\u00e1lnych infekci\u00ed<\/strong>: Ke\u010f v\u00fdskumn\u00edci v roku 1941 prv\u00fdkr\u00e1t pou\u017eili \u00fa\u010dinn\u00fa l\u00e1tku na pacienta s otravou krvi a jeho stav sa v priebehu nieko\u013ek\u00fdch dn\u00ed zlep\u0161il<\/strong>, lek\u00e1ri prestali antibiotikum pod\u00e1va\u0165<\/strong> kv\u00f4li nedostatku vz\u00e1cnej \u00fa\u010dinnej l\u00e1tky. Pacient<\/strong> kr\u00e1tko na to zomrel<\/strong>, \u010do viedlo vedcov k poznaniu, \u017ee tento liek sa mus\u00ed pod\u00e1va\u0165 dlho po odznen\u00ed pr\u00edznakov<\/strong> – \u010do je potrebn\u00e9 bra\u0165 do \u00favahy aj dnes. Z priemyselnej masovej v\u00fdroby penicil\u00ednu od roku 1942 mali spo\u010diatku prospech vojaci vo vojnov\u00fdch oblastiach a od roku 1944 aj civiln\u00e9 obyvate\u013estvo, ke\u010f\u017ee bol dostupn\u00fd takmer v ka\u017edej lek\u00e1rni. V roku 1945 z\u00edskali Alexander Fleming, Ernst Chain a Howard Florey Nobelovu cenu za medic\u00ednu<\/strong> za svoj prevratn\u00fd objav, ktor\u00fd dodnes tvor\u00ed z\u00e1klad ve\u013ekej \u010dasti antibiot\u00edk<\/strong><\/a>.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t

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Antibiotik\u00e1 \u2013 riziko rezistencie<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t
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Vo svojej \u010fakovnej re\u010di v\u0161ak Fleming varoval<\/strong> pred pr\u00edli\u0161 kr\u00e1tkym<\/strong> alebo pr\u00edli\u0161 \u010dast\u00fdm<\/strong> pou\u017e\u00edvan\u00edm \u00fa\u010dinnej l\u00e1tky alebo pred u\u017e\u00edvan\u00edm pr\u00edli\u0161 n\u00edzkych d\u00e1vok<\/strong>: „Existuje riziko, \u017ee sa mikr\u00f3by nau\u010dia by\u0165 vo\u010di penicil\u00ednu rezistentn\u00e9<\/strong>. A ke\u010f je mikr\u00f3b raz rezistentn\u00fd, zostane rezistentn\u00fd dlh\u00fd \u010das<\/strong>.“ \u017dia\u013e, vedec mal pravdu: v samotnej Eur\u00f3pe sa ka\u017edoro\u010dne nakaz\u00ed infekciami sp\u00f4soben\u00fdmi multirezistentn\u00fdmi mikr\u00f3bmi<\/a><\/strong> pribli\u017ene 670 000 \u013eud\u00ed<\/strong> a pribli\u017ene 33 000<\/strong> pacientov<\/strong> v d\u00f4sledku toho zomrie<\/strong>. Pr\u00ed\u010diny vzniku rezistencie s\u00fa v s\u00fa\u010dasnosti v\u0161eobecne zn\u00e1me: Antibiotik\u00e1<\/strong>, najm\u00e4 \u0161irokospektr\u00e1lne antibiotik\u00e1<\/strong><\/a>, ktor\u00e9 s\u00fa \u00fa\u010dinn\u00e9 proti viacer\u00fdm patog\u00e9nom naraz, sa predpisuj\u00fa pr\u00edli\u0161 \u010dasto<\/strong> alebo ich pacienti prest\u00e1vaj\u00fa u\u017e\u00edva\u0165 pred\u010dasne<\/strong>, preto\u017ee ich pr\u00edznaky sa u\u017e po kr\u00e1tkom \u010dase zlep\u0161ili. Tieto lieky sa tie\u017e st\u00e1le \u010dasto predpisuj\u00fa na v\u00edrusov\u00e9 infekcie<\/strong>, na ktor\u00e9 s\u00fa ne\u00fa\u010dinn\u00e9<\/strong> – pou\u017e\u00edvanie antibiot\u00edk m\u00e1 zmysel len pri bakteri\u00e1lnych ochoreniach<\/strong>.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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\n Existuje riziko, \u017ee sa mikr\u00f3by nau\u010dia by\u0165 rezistentn\u00e9 vo\u010di penicil\u00ednu. A ke\u010f je mikr\u00f3b raz rezistentn\u00fd, zostane rezistentn\u00fd dlh\u00fd \u010das. <\/div>\n
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To v\u0161etko znamen\u00e1, \u017ee bakteri\u00e1lne patog\u00e9ny<\/strong><\/a> sa m\u00f4\u017eu „nau\u010di\u0165“<\/strong>, ako sa vysporiada\u0165 s antibiotikami<\/strong>: Bakt\u00e9rie, ktor\u00e9 pre\u017eij\u00fa kontakt s liekom a vyvin\u00fa si<\/strong> tak rezistenciu<\/strong>, odovzd\u00e1vaj\u00fa t\u00fato schopnos\u0165 \u010fal\u0161\u00edm gener\u00e1ci\u00e1m bakt\u00e9ri\u00ed<\/strong> prostredn\u00edctvom svojej genetickej v\u00fdbavy<\/strong>, \u010do znamen\u00e1, \u017ee pri \u010fal\u0161om pou\u017eit\u00ed tej istej \u00fa\u010dinnej l\u00e1tky u\u017e nebude \u00faspe\u0161n\u00e1<\/strong>. Problematick\u00e9 je najm\u00e4 u\u017e\u00edvanie r\u00f4znych antibiot\u00edk<\/strong> v kr\u00e1tkych intervaloch. Z dlhodob\u00e9ho h\u013eadiska sa m\u00f4\u017eu vyvin\u00fa\u0165 rezistentn\u00e9 bakt\u00e9rie<\/strong>, ktor\u00e9 sa m\u00f4\u017eu premno\u017ei\u0165 v tele<\/strong> a sp\u00f4sobi\u0165 v\u00e1\u017ene ochorenie. Tieto multirezistentn\u00e9<\/strong> z\u00e1rodky sa m\u00f4\u017eu pren\u00e1\u0161a\u0165 – priamym<\/strong> alebo nepriamym kontaktom medzi \u013eu\u010fmi<\/strong>, \u013eu\u010fmi a zvieratami a tie\u017e s prostred\u00edm. Riziko n\u00e1kazy tak\u00fdmito z\u00e1rodkami je obzvl\u00e1\u0161\u0165 vysok\u00e9<\/strong> v zariadeniach, kde sa staraj\u00fa o oslaben\u00fdch a chor\u00fdch \u013eud\u00ed, napr. v domovoch d\u00f4chodcov alebo v nemocniciach<\/strong>. Napriek tomu sa antibiotik\u00e1 stali nevyhnutnou s\u00fa\u010das\u0165ou modernej medic\u00edny. V\u010faka tomuto objavu spred viac ako 90 rokov sa daj\u00fa lie\u010di\u0165 smrte\u013en\u00e9 infekcie ako tak\u00e9 – riziko rezistencie<\/strong> a ved\u013eaj\u0161ie \u00fa\u010dinky<\/strong> sa v\u0161ak dlho podce\u0148ovali<\/strong>.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t

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Ved\u013eaj\u0161\u00ed \u00fa\u010dinok antibiot\u00edk: hna\u010dka a zni\u010den\u00fd \u010drevn\u00fd mikrobi\u00f3m<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t
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Pravdepodobne ste u\u017e niekedy potrebovali antibiotikum<\/strong> <\/a>– a pravdepodobne ste si pri jeho u\u017e\u00edvan\u00ed<\/strong> v\u0161imli, \u017ee vo va\u0161ich \u010drev\u00e1ch<\/strong> u\u017e zrazu ni\u010d neprebieha bez probl\u00e9mov<\/strong><\/a>. Jedn\u00fdm z naj\u010dastej\u0161\u00edch ved\u013eaj\u0161\u00edch \u00fa\u010dinkov antibiot\u00edk<\/strong> je hna\u010dka<\/strong><\/a>: je to preto, \u017ee lieky<\/strong> nerozli\u0161uj\u00fa medzi „dobr\u00fdmi“ a „\u0161kodliv\u00fdmi“ bakt\u00e9riami a ni\u010dia aj prospe\u0161n\u00fa \u010drevn\u00fa mikrobiotu<\/a><\/strong> – s vidite\u013en\u00fdmi n\u00e1sledkami: Hna\u010dka<\/strong> <\/a>spojen\u00e1 s antibiotikami (AAD) sa vyskytuje a\u017e u 25 % pacientov<\/strong>. Hna\u010dka spojen\u00e1 s antibiotikami sa diagnostikuje vtedy, ke\u010f sa lie\u010dba antibiotikami<\/strong><\/a> uskuto\u010dnila pri v\u00fdskyte pr\u00edznakov hna\u010dky alebo pred \u0148ou a je mo\u017en\u00e9 vyl\u00fa\u010di\u0165 in\u00e9 pr\u00ed\u010diny hna\u010dky. M\u00f4\u017ee sa objavi\u0165 nieko\u013eko t\u00fd\u017ed\u0148ov<\/strong> po ukon\u010den\u00ed antibiotickej lie\u010dby<\/strong> – preto sa tento ved\u013eaj\u0161\u00ed \u00fa\u010dinok nie v\u017edy sp\u00e1ja s liekom. Hna\u010dka je obzvl\u00e1\u0161\u0165 \u010dasto sp\u00f4soben\u00e1 z\u00e1rodkom naz\u00fdvan\u00fdm Clostridium difficile<\/em><\/strong><\/a>, ktor\u00fd je zodpovedn\u00fd za pribli\u017ene \u0161tvrtinu v\u0161etk\u00fdch hna\u010diek spojen\u00fdch s antibiotikami<\/strong>.<\/p>

V d\u00f4sledku zni\u010denia zdravej \u010drevnej mikrobioty<\/a><\/strong> sa v \u010dreve \u013eahko usadzuj\u00fa a mno\u017eia aj patog\u00e9nne z\u00e1rodky<\/strong>, ktor\u00e9 prakticky neklad\u00fa odpor obrann\u00fdm sil\u00e1m organizmu. To n\u00e1sledne m\u00f4\u017ee vies\u0165 k z\u00e1palu \u010drevn\u00e9ho traktu<\/strong>, ktor\u00fd m\u00f4\u017eu vyvola\u0165 bakteri\u00e1lne tox\u00edny. Okrem toho sa zni\u017euje<\/strong> d\u00f4le\u017eit\u00e1 ochrann\u00e1 vrstva \u010drevnej sliznice<\/strong>: Na to, aby bola \u010drevn\u00e1 sliznica pokryt\u00e1 rovnomenn\u00fdm hlienom, potrebuje<\/strong> na\u0161u prospe\u0161n\u00fa \u010drevn\u00fa mikrobiotu<\/strong>. \u010crevn\u00e9 bakt\u00e9rie<\/a><\/strong> toti\u017e okrem in\u00e9ho produkuj\u00fa butyr\u00e1t<\/strong>, d\u00f4le\u017eit\u00fa mastn\u00fa kyselinu s kr\u00e1tkym re\u0165azcom – a t\u00e1 sl\u00fa\u017ei ako dod\u00e1vate\u013e energie pre bunky \u010drevnej sliznic<\/strong>e, ktor\u00e9 produkuj\u00fa hlien. Ak je akt\u00edvnych buniek pr\u00edli\u0161 m\u00e1lo, ochrann\u00e1 vrstva hlienu sa zni\u017euje a \u010drevn\u00e1 stena sa st\u00e1va<\/strong> priamo zranite\u013enou a zap\u00e1lenou<\/strong>.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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Trval\u00e9 po\u0161kodenie \u010dreva?<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t
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Zn\u00ed\u017eenie<\/strong> \u010drevnej mikrobioty sp\u00f4soben\u00e9 antibiotikami<\/strong> zvy\u010dajne nie je len do\u010dasn\u00e9<\/strong>: u\u017e dlho je zn\u00e1me, \u017ee antibiotik\u00e1<\/strong> predstavuj\u00fa radik\u00e1lny z\u00e1sah<\/strong> do rozmanitosti mikrobi\u00f3mu<\/strong> a \u017ee pre prirodzen\u00fd \u010drevn\u00fd mikrobi\u00f3m<\/strong> je ve\u013emi \u0165a\u017ek\u00e9, aby sa po podan\u00ed antibiot\u00edk s\u00e1m obnovil<\/strong>. Ke\u010f\u017ee ka\u017ed\u00fd bakteri\u00e1lny kme\u0148 m\u00e1 v \u010dreve individu\u00e1lnu funkciu, jeho strata m\u00f4\u017ee vies\u0165 k \u0161\u00edreniu ur\u010dit\u00fdch patog\u00e9nnych z\u00e1rodkov<\/strong>. Ur\u010dit\u00e9 \u017eiviny<\/strong> a \u017eivotne d\u00f4le\u017eit\u00e9 l\u00e1tky<\/strong> sa m\u00f4\u017eu vstreb\u00e1va\u0165<\/strong> len v obmedzenej miere, objavuj\u00fa sa pr\u00edznaky nedostatku<\/strong>: horm\u00f3ny<\/strong>, ako napr\u00edklad seroton\u00edn<\/strong>, sa u\u017e nem\u00f4\u017eu dostato\u010dne tvori\u0165 a pod\u00e1vanie antibiot\u00edk m\u00f4\u017ee spusti\u0165 cel\u00fd rad \u010fal\u0161\u00edch re\u0165azov\u00fdch reakci\u00ed<\/strong>. Spr\u00e1vnou stravou a \u017eivotn\u00fdm \u0161t\u00fdlom sa m\u00f4\u017ee \u010drevn\u00e1 mikrobiota obnovi\u0165, ale nedostatky v \u010dreve zvy\u010dajne pretrv\u00e1vaj\u00fa<\/strong>.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t

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Probiotik\u00e1 - nov\u00e1 \u00e9ra v oblasti zdravia<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t
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Ke\u010f Louis Pasteur a nesk\u00f4r Robert Koch predstavili svoje pr\u00e1ce v oblasti<\/strong> mikrobiol\u00f3gie<\/strong>, netrvalo dlho a v polovici 19. storo\u010dia sa popri novoobjaven\u00fdch patog\u00e9nnych z\u00e1rodkoch za\u010dali vedci zauj\u00edma\u0165<\/strong> aj o bakt\u00e9rie \u013eudsk\u00e9ho tr\u00e1viaceho traktu<\/strong>. Louis Pasteur napr\u00edklad dok\u00e1zal v nieko\u013ek\u00fdch s\u00e9ri\u00e1ch pokusov, \u017ee \u010drevn\u00e9 bakt\u00e9rie<\/strong> potl\u00e1\u010daj\u00fa rast p\u00f4vodcu antraxu<\/strong>. Verejn\u00fa diskusiu o cielenom a prevent\u00edvnom<\/strong> pou\u017e\u00edvan\u00ed laktobacilov<\/em> (bakt\u00e9ri\u00ed mlie\u010dneho kvasenia)<\/strong> vyvolal v roku 1907 I\u013eja Metschnikov: priamy Pasteurov n\u00e1stupca v Pasteurovom in\u0161tit\u00fate v Par\u00ed\u017ei zistil, \u017ee bakt\u00e9rie mlie\u010dneho kvasenia<\/strong> obsiahnut\u00e9 v jogurte vytl\u00e1\u010daj\u00fa \u0161kodliv\u00e9 z\u00e1rodky z \u010dreva<\/strong>, a t\u00fdm posil\u0148uj\u00fa imunitn\u00fd syst\u00e9m<\/strong><\/a>. Probiotik\u00e1<\/strong> <\/a>preto spo\u010diatku sl\u00fa\u017eili menej na podporu \u010drevnej mikrobioty<\/strong>\u00a0a viac na „detoxik\u00e1ciu“ \u010driev<\/strong>.<\/p>

\u00daloha \u010drevnej mikrobioty pre imunitn\u00fd syst\u00e9m<\/strong><\/a>, vstreb\u00e1vanie \u017eiv\u00edn<\/strong> a pod. sa za\u010dala spozn\u00e1va\u0165 len postupne – a medzit\u00fdm veda dokonca na dlh\u00fd \u010das stratila z\u00e1ujem o probiotick\u00e9 bakt\u00e9rie<\/strong>, preto\u017ee objavenie antibiot\u00edk<\/strong> na boj proti bakteri\u00e1lnym infekci\u00e1m otvorilo medic\u00edne \u00faplne nov\u00e9 mo\u017enosti<\/strong>. Hoci prv\u00fd probiotick\u00fd bakteri\u00e1lny kme\u0148 na lie\u010dbu<\/strong> \u0165a\u017ek\u00fdch \u010drevn\u00fdch infekci\u00ed<\/strong> bol izolovan\u00fd a zaregistrovan\u00fd u\u017e v roku 1917, v praxi prevl\u00e1dali antibiotik\u00e1<\/strong>. A\u017e v 60. rokoch 20. storo\u010dia, ke\u010f u\u017e bola v\u00e4\u010d\u0161ina antibiot\u00edk<\/strong> plne presk\u00faman\u00e1 a otestovan\u00e1, probiotik\u00e1<\/strong> op\u00e4\u0165 vzbudili z\u00e1ujem vedcov<\/strong>. Odvtedy – a e\u0161te viac od<\/strong> za\u010diatku 21. storo\u010dia<\/strong> – sa probiotik\u00e1 dostali do centra vedeck\u00e9ho z\u00e1ujmu<\/strong>. Ka\u017ed\u00fd de\u0148 sa objavuj\u00fa nov\u00e9 klinick\u00e9 \u0161t\u00fadie<\/a><\/strong>, ktor\u00e9 dokazuj\u00fa obrovsk\u00fd potenci\u00e1l probiot\u00edk pre zdravie <\/strong>cel\u00e9ho n\u00e1\u0161ho organizmu<\/strong>.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t

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Probiotik\u00e1 ako nevyhnutn\u00fd doplnok k antibiotik\u00e1m<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t
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Jednou z prv\u00fdch oblast\u00ed pou\u017eitia a v\u00fdskumu probiot\u00edk<\/strong><\/a> bol boj proti hna\u010dk\u00e1m<\/strong> sp\u00f4soben\u00fdm antibiotikami. \u0160t\u00fadie<\/strong> <\/a>ukazuj\u00fa nielen to, \u017ee probiotik\u00e1<\/strong> m\u00f4\u017eu pri v\u010dasnom u\u017e\u00edvan\u00ed zmierni\u0165 hna\u010dku<\/strong> alebo jej dokonca zabr\u00e1ni\u0165, ale aj to, \u017ee \u0161peci\u00e1lne kombinovan\u00e9 bakteri\u00e1lne kmene<\/strong> <\/a>m\u00f4\u017eu doplni\u0165 a regenerova\u0165 \u010drevn\u00fa mikrobiotu<\/strong>.<\/p>

Pou\u017e\u00edvanie antibiot\u00edk<\/strong> je obzvl\u00e1\u0161\u0165 rizikov\u00e9<\/strong> pre zranite\u013en\u00e9 cie\u013eov\u00e9 skupiny, ako s\u00fa obyvatelia domovov pre seniorov, a sprievodn\u00e1 lie\u010dba vhodn\u00fdmi probiotikami<\/a> je \u00fa\u010deln\u00e1<\/strong>. Hna\u010dka<\/strong> vyvolan\u00e1 antibiotikami toti\u017e m\u00f4\u017ee by\u0165 spojen\u00e1 s komplik\u00e1ciami<\/strong>, ako je z\u00e1va\u017en\u00e1 dehydrat\u00e1cia a n\u00e1sledn\u00e1 hospitaliz\u00e1cia. V priemere pribli\u017ene 10 % obyvate\u013eov domovov d\u00f4chodcov pravidelne dost\u00e1va antibiotik\u00e1, v\u00e4\u010d\u0161inou na lie\u010dbu infekci\u00ed mo\u010dov\u00fdch ciest<\/strong><\/a>, infekci\u00ed doln\u00fdch d\u00fdchac\u00edch ciest a ko\u017en\u00fdch infekci\u00ed<\/strong>. V\u00fdskyt hna\u010dky s\u00favisiacej s antibiotikami je a\u017e 25 % v z\u00e1vislosti od pou\u017eit\u00e9ho antibiotika.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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\n <\/i> <\/div>\n
\n \u0160t\u00fadie ukazuj\u00fa nielen to, \u017ee probiotik\u00e1 m\u00f4\u017eu pri v\u010dasnom u\u017e\u00edvan\u00ed zn\u00ed\u017ei\u0165 hna\u010dku alebo jej dokonca zabr\u00e1ni\u0165, ale aj to, \u017ee \u0161peci\u00e1lne kombinovan\u00e9 bakteri\u00e1lne kmene m\u00f4\u017eu doplni\u0165 a regenerova\u0165 \u010drevn\u00fa mikrobiotu. <\/div>\n
\n <\/div>\n\n \n<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t
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Ned\u00e1vna \u0161t\u00fadia<\/strong> [1] sk\u00famala pozit\u00edvne \u00fa\u010dinky probiotika<\/strong><\/a>, ktor\u00e9ho desa\u0165 bakteri\u00e1lnych kme\u0148ov bolo \u0161peci\u00e1lne skombinovan\u00fdch<\/strong> na pou\u017eitie spolu s antibiotikami, na frekvenciu hna\u010diek po podan\u00ed antibiot\u00edk<\/strong> u obyvate\u013eov domovov d\u00f4chodcov. Probiotikum<\/strong> <\/a>(dvakr\u00e1t denne) sa u\u017e\u00edvalo v rovnakom \u010dase ako antibiotick\u00e1 lie\u010dba a pokra\u010dovalo sa v \u0148om jeden t\u00fd\u017ede\u0148 po ukon\u010den\u00ed lie\u010dby. U celkovo 93 pacientov bolo zdokumentovan\u00fdch 167 terapi\u00ed antibiotikami, pri\u010dom v 84 pr\u00edpadoch bolo pod\u00e1van\u00e9 aj viaczlo\u017ekov\u00e9 probiotikum<\/strong>.<\/p>

U\u017e\u00edvanie<\/strong> tohto vysokokvalitn\u00e9ho probiotika<\/strong> viedlo k v\u00fdznamn\u00e9mu zn\u00ed\u017eeniu v\u00fdskytu hna\u010dky<\/strong> spojenej s antibiotikami pribli\u017ene o 50 %<\/strong> bez oh\u013eadu na to, ak\u00e9 antibiotik\u00e1 pacienti u\u017e\u00edvali a ak\u00e9 mali predch\u00e1dzaj\u00face ochorenia<\/strong>.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t

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Lie\u010dba multirezistentn\u00fdch bakt\u00e9ri\u00ed pomocou probiot\u00edk?<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t
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N\u00e1rast infekci\u00ed<\/strong> sp\u00f4soben\u00fdch multirezistentn\u00fdmi z\u00e1rodkami<\/strong> a obrovsk\u00fd potenci\u00e1l probiot\u00edk<\/strong> vyvol\u00e1vaj\u00fa ot\u00e1zku, \u010di vhodn\u00e9 kombin\u00e1cie bakt\u00e9ri\u00ed predstavuj\u00fa terapeutick\u00fa mo\u017enos\u0165<\/strong>. Bolo jasne dok\u00e1zan\u00e9, \u017ee probiotick\u00e9 bakteri\u00e1lne kmene<\/strong> s\u00fa schopn\u00e9 zabr\u00e1ni\u0165 koloniz\u00e1cii patog\u00e9nnymi z\u00e1rodkami<\/strong>. V ned\u00e1vnej \u0161t\u00fadii [2] sa sk\u00famal \u00fa\u010dinok viacdruhov\u00e9ho probiotika na zn\u00ed\u017eenie infekci\u00ed multirezistentn\u00fdmi z\u00e1rodkami<\/strong> u geriatrick\u00fdch pacientov.<\/p>

T\u00e1to \u0161t\u00fadia uk\u00e1zala, \u017ee u\u017e\u00edvanie<\/strong> viaczlo\u017ekov\u00e9ho probiotika po\u010das dvan\u00e1stich t\u00fd\u017ed\u0148ov<\/strong> v\u00fdznamne zn\u00ed\u017eilo v\u00fdskyt infekci\u00ed<\/strong> sp\u00f4soben\u00fdch multirezistentn\u00fdmi bakt\u00e9riami v \u010drev\u00e1ch aj na ko\u017ei<\/strong> <\/a>u geriatrick\u00fdch pacientov. Na za\u010diatku \u0161t\u00fadie anal\u00fdza \u010drevn\u00e9ho mikrobi\u00f3mu<\/strong> uk\u00e1zala infekciu multirezistentn\u00fdmi bakt\u00e9riami (E. coli<\/strong><\/a>, Klebsiella spp., Pseudomonas aeruginosa<\/em>) u v\u0161etk\u00fdch pacientov, ale po dvan\u00e1stich t\u00fd\u017ed\u0148och \u0161pecifickej probiotickej lie\u010dby<\/strong> do\u0161lo k v\u00fdznamn\u00e9mu zn\u00ed\u017eeniu koloniz\u00e1cie t\u00fdmito bakt\u00e9riami<\/strong>. Okrem toho sa preuk\u00e1zalo \u0161tatisticky v\u00fdznamn\u00e9 zv\u00fd\u0161enie diverzity \u010drevnej mikrobioty<\/strong>. Po ukon\u010den\u00ed pod\u00e1vania viacdruhov\u00e9ho probiotika<\/strong> do\u0161lo po\u010das dvan\u00e1s\u0165t\u00fd\u017ed\u0148ov\u00e9ho sledovania dokonca k 58 % zn\u00ed\u017eeniu v\u00fdskytu multirezistentn\u00fdch z\u00e1rodkov<\/strong>. Anal\u00fdza ko\u017en\u00e9ho mikrobi\u00f3mu<\/strong> odhalila e\u0161te prekvapivej\u0161ie v\u00fdsledky, a to 71 % zn\u00ed\u017eenie <\/strong>infekci\u00ed multirezistentn\u00fdmi z\u00e1rodkami<\/strong>.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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\n <\/div>\n
\n Vedci krok za krokom zis\u0165uj\u00fa, \u017ee t\u00edto mal\u00ed pomocn\u00edci v \u010drev\u00e1ch s\u00fa niekedy skuto\u010dn\u00fdmi z\u00e1chrancami \u017eivota. <\/div>\n
\n <\/div>\n\n \n<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t
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\u00c9ra probiot\u00edk sa u\u017e d\u00e1vno za\u010dala<\/p>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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Nielen kv\u00f4li v\u00fdsledkom t\u00fdchto \u0161t\u00fadi\u00ed u\u017e mnoh\u00ed lek\u00e1ri<\/strong> hovoria o tom, \u017ee bud\u00facnos\u0165 patr\u00ed probiotickej medic\u00edne<\/strong>. Zatia\u013e \u010do pred 20 rokmi neexistovali takmer \u017eiadne \u0161t\u00fadie o pou\u017e\u00edvan\u00ed a \u00fa\u010dinkoch probiot\u00edk<\/strong><\/a>, v s\u00fa\u010dasnosti ich s\u00fa ka\u017edoro\u010dne desiatky tis\u00edc<\/strong>. Okrem \u00faspe\u0161n\u00e9ho pou\u017e\u00edvania probiot\u00edk ako s\u00fa\u010dasti antibiotickej lie\u010dby<\/strong> \u010doraz viac \u0161t\u00fadi\u00ed poukazuje na ich zdravotn\u00fd<\/strong> a prevent\u00edvny<\/strong> potenci\u00e1l pre cel\u00fd organizmus<\/strong>. Oblasti pou\u017eitia probiot\u00edk sa zdaj\u00fa by\u0165 rozmanit\u00e9. \u010ci u\u017e ide o \u010drevn\u00e9 \u0165a\u017ekosti, ako je hna\u010dka<\/strong> alebo syndr\u00f3m dr\u00e1\u017ediv\u00e9ho \u010dreva<\/strong><\/a>, \u00fanavov\u00fd syndr\u00f3m<\/strong><\/a>, depresiu<\/strong>, z\u00e1palov\u00e9 ochorenia<\/strong><\/a>, ako je reuma<\/strong> a demencia<\/strong><\/a>, alebo be\u017en\u00e9 choroby, ako s\u00fa poruchy pe\u010dene<\/strong><\/a> a cukrovka 2. typu<\/strong>: veda krok za krokom zis\u0165uje, \u017ee tieto mikroskopick\u00e9 bakt\u00e9rie<\/strong> v tele s\u00fa niekedy skuto\u010dn\u00fdmi z\u00e1chrancami \u017eivota<\/strong>.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t

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Hna\u010dka po u\u017e\u00edvan\u00ed antibiot\u00edk - kedy nav\u0161t\u00edvi\u0165 lek\u00e1ra?<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t
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  • Ak sa po\u010das u\u017e\u00edvania antibiot\u00edk objav\u00ed hna\u010dka<\/strong> trvaj\u00faca dlh\u0161ie ako dva t\u00fd\u017edne<\/strong>.<\/li>
  • Ak novorodenci<\/strong>, mal\u00e9 deti alebo star\u0161\u00ed \u013eudia<\/strong> trpia \u0165a\u017ekou hna\u010dkou.<\/li>
  • Ak hna\u010dku sprev\u00e1dza vysok\u00e1 hor\u00fa\u010dka<\/strong>, ospalos\u0165, z\u00e1vraty<\/strong>, extr\u00e9mna slabos\u0165<\/strong> alebo siln\u00e9, dlhotrvaj\u00face k\u0155\u010de<\/strong> v bruchu.<\/li>
  • Ak existuje riziko dehydrat\u00e1cie<\/strong>: nie je mo\u017en\u00e9 doda\u0165 dostatok tekut\u00edn, mo\u010d m\u00e1 v\u00fdrazne tmav\u00fa farbu alebo sa v\u00fdrazne zn\u00ed\u017ei mno\u017estvo mo\u010du.<\/li>
  • Ak je stolica ve\u013emi tmavej farby („dechtovit\u00e1 stolica“) alebo obsahuje krv<\/strong>, hlien alebo hnis<\/strong>.<\/li><\/ul>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t
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    Zdroje:<\/p>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t

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    \n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t[1] H. A. Van Wietmarschen et al. \u201cProbiotics use for antibioticassociated diarrhea: A pragmatic participatory evaluation in nursing homes,\u201d BMC Gastroenterol., vol. 20, pp. 151, 2020.\n
    \n[2] I. Zollner-Schwetz et al. \u201cEffect of a multispecies probiotic on intestinal and skin colonization by multidrug-resistant gram-negative bacteria in patients in a long-term care facility: A pilot study,\u201d Nutrients, vol. 12, pp. 1586, 2020.<\/sup>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

    Akoko\u013evek s\u00fa antibiotik\u00e1 \u00fa\u010dinn\u00e9 a d\u00f4le\u017eit\u00e9, m\u00f4\u017eu ma\u0165 aj ved\u013eaj\u0161ie \u00fa\u010dinky a nadmern\u00e9 predpisovanie vedie k rozvoju multirezistentn\u00fdch bakt\u00e9ri\u00ed. <\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":17,"featured_media":22702,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"inline_featured_image":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[85,80],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-22695","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-novinky-vo-vyskume","category-staznosti-a-poradenstvo"],"acf":[],"rank_math":{"og:title":"Probiotik\u00e1 a antibotik\u00e1 | Nov\u00e1 \u00e9ra terapie probiotikami?","og:desc":"Aj ke\u010f s\u00fa antibiotik\u00e1 \u00fa\u010dinn\u00e9 a d\u00f4le\u017eit\u00e9, m\u00f4\u017eu ma\u0165 aj ved\u013eaj\u0161ie \u00fa\u010dinky a ich nadmern\u00e9 predpisovanie vedie k rozvoju multirezistentn\u00fdch bakt\u00e9ri\u00ed.","og:url":"https:\/\/www.omni-biotic.com\/sk-sk\/blog\/probiotika-a-antibiotika\/","og:locale":"sk_SK","og:image":"https:\/\/www.omni-biotic.com\/sk-sk\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/9\/2024\/03\/objavenie-penicilinu.jpg","og:image:width":"700","og:image:height":"500"},"additional_data":{"thumbnail":"https:\/\/www.omni-biotic.com\/sk-sk\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/9\/2024\/03\/objavenie-penicilinu.jpg"},"blog_info":{"country":"sk-sk"},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.omni-biotic.com\/sk-sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/22695","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.omni-biotic.com\/sk-sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.omni-biotic.com\/sk-sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.omni-biotic.com\/sk-sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/17"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.omni-biotic.com\/sk-sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=22695"}],"version-history":[{"count":7,"href":"https:\/\/www.omni-biotic.com\/sk-sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/22695\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":28281,"href":"https:\/\/www.omni-biotic.com\/sk-sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/22695\/revisions\/28281"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.omni-biotic.com\/sk-sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/22702"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.omni-biotic.com\/sk-sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=22695"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.omni-biotic.com\/sk-sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=22695"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.omni-biotic.com\/sk-sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=22695"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}